and Toirn Planning. Garden Cities 65 



cottages that have grown beautiful with age, and being 

 in the midst of delightful gardens, we at once realise 

 how sadly our present-day cottage architecture is behind 

 that of two or three hundred years ago. 



This question of the housing of the artisans and 

 agricultural workers has long engaged the earnest 

 attention of our thinkers and economists, and from the 

 time of More who wrote Utopia to that of Morris who 

 wrote News from Noivhere, all kinds of plans and 

 suggestions have been made to "improve the homes and 

 surroundings of the working class. In More's Utopia 

 we have this contribution on the planning of cities : 

 "The streets be appointed . and set forth very com- 

 modious and handsome, both for carriage, and also 

 against the winds. The houses be of fair and gorgeous 

 building, and on the street side they stand joined to- 

 gether in a long row without any partition or separation. 

 The streets be twenty feet broad. On the back side 

 of the houses through the whole length of the street, 

 lie large gardens inclosed about with the back part of 

 the streets." Here then we have an early reformer 

 advocating fair and gorgeous houses, having large 

 gardens, and standing in broad streets. 



During the last fifty years men's minds have been 

 given to devising modern Utopias for the working 

 class, but it is only here and there that the work has 

 been done successfully on a large scale. All social 

 reformers know of the evils arising from people having 

 insanitary and insufficient accommodation, and they 

 advocate that workers in factories should have some 

 of the advantages of outdoor village life, with oppor- 

 tunities for the natural and healthful occupation of 

 cultivating the soil. Thousands of people are at present 



B. A. 5 



