132 Elementary Principles of Agriculture 



natural processes, such as mentioned in paragraph 190, 

 or by artificial processes, such as by layers or buds. 

 The process of propagating by cuttings is known as 

 cutting propagation. That by layers, as layering; that 

 by inserted scions, as grafting; and that by inserted 

 buds, as budding. They may be 

 termed respectively, cuttage, lay- 

 erage, graftage, and buddage. y - 



194. Layerage. When a branch 

 or part is caused to form roots, and 

 then severed from the parent M J 



plant, the plant produced is a 

 layer. Fig. 78 shows how a vine of 



Fig. 78. Propagating grapes by layering. 



the grape may be bent down, and covered at inter- 

 vals with moist soil. Roots form at the nodes. (See 

 U 68.) After these roots are sufficiently abundant, 

 the vine may be cut into pieces, each piece having 

 roots, and each planted in a new place as a complete 

 plant. Layering is used to propagate grapes, raspberries, 

 dewberries, and many other plants. Strawberries, dew- 

 berries, blackcap raspberries, and many grasses, such 

 as Bermuda grass, Johnson grass, some of the Musquite 

 grasses, white clover, and some varieties of sweet pota- 

 toes, naturally multiply by their prostrate stems, taking 

 root at every node; and man, in practical agriculture, 



