364 



Elementary Principles of Agriculture 



543. Spraying. The principal fungus diseases to be 

 prevented in the case of the apple are scab, apple blotch, 

 bitter rot and black rot. The insects affecting the apple 

 most seriously are codling moth (Fig. 101) curculio 

 (Fig. 95), San Jose scale (pronounced san ho-sa') (Fig. 100), 

 and in some sections the woolly aphis and leaf aphis. 

 The combination sprays usually applied are as follows: 



Fig. 228. B. To control apple scab spray with Bordeaux mixture just before the 

 cluster buds open. A. The time for effective spraying with arsenate of lead to 

 control the codling moth is just after the petals have fallen. 



Courtesy Department of Horticulture, Purdue University. 



1st. Dormant Spray. When the trees are dormant, lime- 

 sulfur wash or soluble oils may be used if scale insects are present. 

 If serious fungus conditions are threatened, spray with copper 

 sulfate solution. (See Fig. 102.) 



2d. Cluster Spray, given just as the cluster buds open, but 

 before the blossoms have opened (Fig. 228a). Use Bordeaux mixture 

 for apple scab, black rot, and if canker worms are threatened add 

 two pounds of arsenate of lead to the Bordeaux mixture. 



