42 THE ICE AGE IN CANADA. 



appears, when we mark the localities on the map, that in 

 the valley of the St. Lawrence and the rising grounds 

 bounding it, the prevailing course is south-west, and this 

 is also the prevalent direction in western New York, and 

 behind the great Laurentide chain on the north side of 

 lake Huron. Crossing this striation nearly at right 

 angles, is a second set, which occurs in the neck of land 

 between Georgian bay and lake Ontario, in the valley of 

 the Ottawa and in the hilly districts of the Eastern 

 Townships of the province of Quebec, where it is con- 

 nected with a similar striation which is prevalent in the 

 valleys of lake Champlain and the Connecticut river and 

 elsewhere in New England. In New England this 

 striation is said to have been observed on hills 4,800 feet 

 high, as for example on Mansfield mountain, where, 

 accordins^ to Hitchcock, there are striae bearing S. 30° E. 

 at an elevation of 4,848 feet. In Nova Scotia and New 

 Brunswick, as in New England, the prevailing direction 

 is south-eastward, though there are also south-west and 

 south striation, and a few cases where the direction is 

 nearly east and west. Eecent observations lead to the 

 belief that in eastern Canada the south-west and north- 

 east striation is general on the lower grounds. The 

 south-east and north-west striation belongs more to the 

 higher grounds, and in some cases represents ice-flow iri 

 two directions, to the north-west and south-east of the 

 ridges of high land. 



It is obvious that such striation must have resulted 

 from the action of a solid mass or masses of ice bearing 

 for a long time on tlie surface, and abrading it by means 

 of stones and sand. It is further obvious that the 

 different sets of striation could scarcely have been pro- 

 duced at the same time in any one locality, especially 



