THE SUCCESSION OF DEPOSITS. 65 



this terrace, and are usually merely fragments from ledges 

 of local sandstone. Bones of large whales occasionally 

 occur on this terrace. 



Proceeding inland, we find a second terrace about 

 thirty feet above the sea, and consisting of sand, resting 

 on hard boulder-clay or till. This last, at different places 

 along the coast, is seen to vary in quality, being some- 

 times hard and loaded with boulders, in other cases a clay 

 with marine shells, and again a clay with few boulders 

 except at its junction with the sand above. On the inner 

 side of this terrace, where it adjoins the rocky ledges 

 inland, there is often a raised boulder-beach like that on 

 the present shore, but with fewer and smaller boulders, as 

 if the transporting power had been less than at present, 

 and possibly the time of its action more limited. But 

 still higher, on rocky ledges and gravel terraces, rising to 

 the height of fifty to sixty feet, there are large Laurentian 

 boulders, often forming inland boulder-beaches like that 

 of the shore, and such inland beaches are found up to at 

 least 400 feet. There are also a few upper Silurian 

 boulders from the south, which become more numerous 

 and larger further inland. In some places these Silurian 

 limestone boulders are sufficiently numerous to afford the 

 material for the supply of lime-kilns providing for local 

 requirements. In some localities they would seem to be 

 the deposits of glaciers descending from the hills to the 

 south, but in others they would appear to have been 

 water-borne. 



The exposed ridges of rock on the second terrace and 

 on the beach are sometimes polished with ice action, and 

 show the normal N.E. and S.W. striation. I had no 

 opportunity to observe the condition of the rock-surface 

 under the boulder-clay. On the greater part of the 



