1^4 THE TCP: AGE IN CANADA. 



boulder-clay may in some places be seen a stratified sandy 

 clay, which further up the river attains to a great 

 thickness. It contains Saxicava rugosa, Tellina Grcen- 

 landica and Tcllma calcarea, as well as Leda glacialis. The 

 most recent deposit is a sand or gravel, often of consider- 

 able thickness, and in some of the beds of gravel the 

 pebbles are more completely rounded than those of the 

 modern beach. 



I have already stated my reasons for believing tliat the 

 upper part of the valley of the Murray Bay river may 

 have been the bed of a glacier flowing down from the 

 inland hills toward the St. LawTcnce. N.AV. and S.E. 

 striae attributable to this glacier were seen at an elevation 

 of 800 feet, and the marine beds were traced up to almost 

 the same height, above which, to a height of about 1,200 

 feet, loose boulders were observed and glaciated rock- 

 surfaces, but no marine deposits. It is probable, there- 

 fore, that at a time when the sea extended up to an 

 elevation of 800 feet, the higher part of the valley may 

 have been filled with land ice. Whether the bergs from 

 tliis, drifting down toward the St. Lawrence, produced 

 the N.W. striation observed at a lower level, or whether 

 at a previous period, when the land was higher, the ice 

 extended farther down, may admit of doubt. Certainly no 

 land ice has extended to a lower level than about 800 feet 

 since the deposition of the marine boulder and Leda clay. 



Very large boulders occur in this vicinity. One observed 

 on the beach on the east side of the bay, is an oval mass 

 of lime felspar, thirty feet in circumference, lying like 

 most other large boulders in this region, with its longer 

 axis to the N.E. 



Les Ehoulements. — At this place the Laurentian lulls 

 rise to a great heic^ht near the shore, and the Pleistocene 



