BEEEDING SOCIETIES 91 



the calves not to be slaughtered or sold outside the club unless 

 they had previously been offered to the committee ; the com- 

 mittee to purchase the bull and to judge every year the cows 

 belonging to the members and to select those suitable for 

 breeding ; no member to have more than ten cows served and 

 no cow to be served more than three times. If the club should 

 show a deficit this was to be made good by members in pro- 

 portion to the number of breeding cows owned by them. 

 Members had one vote each, irrespective of the number of cows. 

 Friis was very active in bringing about the formation of similar 

 bull clubs in other districts in Sealand. He travelled about, 

 convened meetings or was invited to attend such, and he had 

 a considerable power of persuasion, frequently representing it 

 to peasants as a matter of vital importance to the whole 

 country that they should then and there form a bull club for 

 their district, and he generally succeeded. 



Hvass was equally successful in Jutland. His idea was 

 that each parish should have its bull club, that the local 

 agricultural societies in the district of Kanders should take 

 the matter in hand, each in its own locality, and that the 

 bull clubs should be under the control of the committee of the 

 Association of Agricultural Societies. The bulls should there- 

 fore be exhibited every year, both at the local cattle shows 

 and at the general show for Kanders district. The bulls should 

 be approved by the committee of the Agricultural Societies, 

 which should also inspect the calves and young stock produced. 

 A similar co-operation between the bull clubs was also arranged 

 in Sealand, and Associations of Bull Clubs were formed under 

 the name of Cattle Breeding Societies, which designation, 

 however, is also used for Bull Clubs outside Sealand. 



The State had taken very httle notice of the early efforts 

 in the co-operative development of agricultural industry with 

 regard to butter and bacon, and had been far from friendly 

 to the Co-operative- Distributive Societies. Its attitude 

 towards the Cattle Breeding Societies, formed for the purpose 

 of co-operative development of the animal industry, was, on 

 the other hand, one of the most friendly and effective help and 

 encouragement. It is not so easy to see why this distinction 

 was made, although it might be argued that the butter industry 



