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A baby sequoia stubbornly struggles upward by the side of its gigantic and ancient parent. It will 

 be half a century before it too produces seeds. 



arises a little cone with a crater on top that is 700 feet above the 

 lake level. This volcanic activity is, geologically speaking, both 

 ancient and modern, for a lot of it is imposed upon an old land 

 surface that was obviously carved by mountain glaciers during 

 the Pleistocene ice advances. 



The Cascades continue north to the region of Kamloops on 

 the North Thompson River in British Columbia. They are 

 clothed, as we have said, in a predominantly coniferous forest — 

 allied to that of the Northwest Pacific Coastal Fringe — composed 

 of Sitka spruce, firs, and an intermingling of willows and aspen. 



The whole northern part of the range has been recently and 

 mightily glaciated, so that most of its valleys are shaped like 

 flattened-out Us. The upper slopes are mantled in short alpine 

 vegetation, often with scattered trees, and the tops of the moun- 

 tains are either bald or snow-covered. All the great volcanic 

 peaks wear a cap of snow and ice. The fauna of the Cascades is 

 quite different from that of the Rockies, many of the larger 

 animals, for example the Moose, being absent. Most of the 

 animal life was pushed out by the over-all glaciation. and 

 repopulation came from the south as the ice retreated northward. 



