396 LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 



one of the outbuildings, the carriage-house for example, and 

 receive its supplies from the water collected on the roof 

 of the building ; the amount of water collected in this way 

 from a roof of moderate size being much more than is gener- 

 ally supposed. The second is, to sink a well of capacious 

 size, (where such is not already at command,) in some part 

 of the grounds where it will not be conspicuous, and over it 

 to erect a small tower, the top of which shall contain a cis- 

 tern and a small horizontal windmill ; which being kept in 

 motion by the wind more or less almost every day in sum- 

 mer, will raise a sufficient quantity of water to keep the re- 

 servoir supplied from the well below. In either of these 

 cases, it is only necessary to carry leaden pipes from the cis- 

 tern, (under the surface, below the reach of fost,) to the place 

 where the jet is to issue ; the supply in both these cases will, 

 if properly arranged, be more than enough for the consump- 

 tion of the fountain during the hours when it will be neces- 

 sary for it to play : viz. from sunrise to evening. 



The steam engine is often employed to force up water for 

 the supply of fountains in many of the large public and 

 royal gardens ; but there are few cases in this country 

 where private expenditures of this kind would be justifiable. 



" In conducting the water from the cistern or reservoir to 

 the jet or fountain, the following particulars require to be at- 

 tended to : — In the first place, all the pipes must be laid suf- 

 ficiently deep in the earth, or otherwise placed and protected 

 so as to prevent the possibility of their being reached by frost; 

 next, as a general rule, the diameter of the orifice from which 

 the jet of water proceeds, technically called the bore of the 

 quill, ought to be four times less than the bore of the conduit 

 pipe ; that is, the quill and the pipe ought to be in a quad- 

 ruple proportion to each other. There are several sorts of 



