iimon with the whole 

 it becomes accommo- 

 But when left alone or 

 first gale, often to the 

 The Farmer's Assis- 

 and decaying the better 

 to use the wood, and 

 which will grow more 



|hk operation should be performed in -^t. 317 



a. y^spmjg as well as iu nfidsumTer.- , 

 UL lough loose parts of the bark should be ''*^ '">°^^ ""'' '^ '"=*«'* 



e follf ; ^'''^'^""^'^ '1"^" be covered with 



It following mixture, as high as the opera- 



r can reach with an ordinary lo„. handled 



..e.wash brush: fi.e pou^lds ^hale oil 



n ' ,Z ^""i ^"^ ^^"- "'"' P°»nd fine 



soda,_ dissolved or mixed with water to 



oonsisteney of cream, and thoroughly ub- 



.'d upon the bavk.- mr^i„g Parml | - 



INSECTS, ^t would far transcend our limits to give 

 even a brief description of the various sorts of insects which 

 injure gardens, cultivated fields, &c., and destroy the best 

 productions of our soil. We shall, therefore, confine our- 

 selves to stating, briefly, some of the most approved modes 

 of counteracting the ravages and effecting the destruction 

 of a few of those which are most injurious to the cultivator. 



The preventive operations are those of the best culture, 

 in the most extensive sense of the term, including what re- 

 lates to choice of seed or plant, soil, situation, and climate. 

 If these are carefully attended to, it will seldom happen that 

 any species of insect will effect serious and permanent inju- 

 ry. Vegetables which are vigorous and thrifty are not apt 

 to be injured by worms, flies, bugs, &c. Fall ploughing, by 

 exposing worms, grubs, the larvae of bugs, beetles, &c. to 

 the intense frosts of our winters, is very beneficial. Insects 

 ' may be annoyed^ and oftentimes their complete destruction 

 effected, by sprinkling over them, by means of a syringe, 

 watering-pot, or garden engine, simple water, soap-suds, to- 

 bacco-water, decoctions of elder, especially of the dwarf 

 kind, of walnut leaves, bitter and acrid herbs, pepper, lye 

 of wood ashes, or solutions of pot and pearl-ashes, water 

 impregnated with salt, tar, turpentine, &;c. ; or they may 

 be dusted with sulphur, quicklime, and other acrid sub- 

 stances. Loudon says, ' Saline substances, mixed with wa- 

 ter, are injurious to most insects with tender skins, as the 

 worm and slug; and hot water, where it can be applied 

 without injuring vegetation, is equally, if not more power- 

 fully, injurious. Water heated to one hundred and twenty 

 or one hundred and thirty degrees will not injure plants 

 whose leaves are expanded, and in some degree hardened; 

 and water at two hundred degrees or upwards may be 

 21* 



