36 Report on Trials of Plows. 



Plate II, fig. 49, rejDresents an elevation of the plow on the 

 furrow side, drawn to a scale of one inch to a foot, and Fig. 50, a 

 horizontal plan of the same. It is found with various shades of 

 difference, but not to the extent or of such marked character as 

 to require separate description from what follows. The l)eam 

 aud handles are almost invariably made of malleable iron, the 

 body frame being of cast iron, the latter varying slightly with 

 different makers. In its construction the beam and left handle 

 are usually finished in one continued bar, ABC, possessing the 

 varied curvature exhibited in Fig. 49, as viewed in elevation. 

 When viewed in plan, as in Fig. 50, the axis or central line of the 

 beam and left handle are in a straight line, though in this arrange- 

 ment there are some slight deviations among the different makers — 

 the point of the beam being in some cases turned more or less to 

 the right or furrow side, and this is found to vary from one-half 

 inch to two inches from the plane of the land side. The right 

 handle, D E, is formed on a separate bar, and is attached to the 

 body frame at its fore end by a bolt, as will be shown in detail, 

 and farther connected to the left handle by the bolts F F F and 

 the stays G G. The coulter, I, is fixed in its box, K, by means of 

 iron wedges holding it in the proper position. Its ofiice being 

 that of a cutting instrument, it is constructed with a sharp edge, 

 and is set at an angle of from 55 deg. to 65 deg. with the base line. 

 The mould-board, L, which is fixed upon the body frame and to 

 the right handle, is a curved plate of cast iron, adapted for turn- 

 ing over the furrow slice. Its fore edge or breast, M N, coincides 

 with the land side of the plow's body; its lower edge, T, behind, 

 stands from nine to ten inches distant from the plane of the land 

 side, while its upper edge, P, spreads out to a distance of nine- 

 teen inches from B, the land side plane. In this plow the mould- 

 board is truncated in the fore part, and is met by the gorge or 

 neck of the share, the junction being at the line N. The sJiare 

 or soch, N R, is fitted upon a prolono:ation of the sole bar of the 

 body frame termed the head, and falls into the curves of the 

 mould-board, of which its surface forms a continuation. The 

 bridle, C, or muzzle, as it is sometimes named, is that part to 

 which the draught is applied, and is attached to the point of the 

 beam by two bolts, the one, S, being permanent, upon which the 

 bridle turns vertically. The other l)olt, U, is movable, for 

 the purpose of varying the earthing of the plow; the landing 

 being varied by shifting the draught bolt and shackle, Y, to right 



