Report of the Judges. 219 



fall his barns are nearly full; ten or twelve tons more of straw 

 or hay would entirely fill them. He has between 800 and 900 

 l)nshels of corn, 550 l>iishels of oats, some rye and buckwheat, 

 potatoes, and 500 bushels of carrots. The farm had been shal- 

 low tilled for sixty or seventy years, closely cropped, and the 

 manuring was not liberal. He commenced with some twelve or 

 fifteen acres of sod, plowing it in November nine inches deep, 

 manuring- it the next spring with twenty-five two-horse loads per 

 acre, and cross plowing it about four inches deep, and planting 

 Avith corn, &c. The second year the field was stocked to grass 

 with a grain crop, and another field of twelve or fifteen acres of 

 sod taken up and managed like the first. In this wa}^ he has gone 

 on from year to year, until now he has plowed all the plowable 

 portion of his farm nine inches deep, which is nearly twice as 

 deep as it had ever before been worked. Next year he com- 

 mences to go over the same ground again in a similar way. 

 excepting that the plowing will invariably be from two to three 

 inches deeper than before." 



Entertaining these views the Society determined to avail itself 

 of this trial in order to turn the attention of the farmers of the 

 State to the importance of deeper plowing than they have been 

 accustomed to, and to furnish them, if possible, with better facili- 

 ties for accomplishing it than they had hitherto enjoyed. 



It therefore offered its highest prize — the large gold medal — 

 for "a plow for stubble land which will cut a furrow twelve 

 inches deep, with three horses, which will raise the lowest soil to 

 the surface of the furrow, and which Avill not be less than five 

 inches wide." 



It knew when it made the offer that a furrow turned so as to 

 lie at an angle of forty-five degrees after reversal must have its 

 depth in the ratio of its breadth as two to three, but it refused 

 to assume any limit to the ingenuity of American engineers and 

 mechanics, and sent out its ofier to the w^orld hoping rather than 

 expecting that it would be successfully competed for. 



Two plows were entered for this premium, both of them of a 

 very superior character, and both doing the work which was 

 called for. 



The trial was in the same field in which CUiss No. II was tried, 

 and the description of the soil given under that class will answer 

 for this, only as the plowing was so much deeper in Class IV the 

 difiiculties arising from the impacted gravel were greatly exag- 



