Report of the Judges. 253 



ordinary circumstances following in the track of the other. It is 

 a most excellent instrument in all respects, and avb were unani- 

 mously of the opinion that it deserved the gold medal. 



The other harrow was entered by F. Nishwitz. Weight. 250 

 pounds. Price, $40. 



It is exceedingly ingenious in its construction; and if not 

 entirely unique, we have never met with any similar one, nor 

 have VfQ. met with any description of anything resembling it. 



It consists of two expansable arms, hinged in front and con- 

 tiguous to each other. They are expanded behind to any desired 

 width by circular arras springing laterally and inwardly from the 

 main arms at a point 2| feet behind the angular point. These 

 pass one above the other, and are secured at any desired expan- 

 sion by a pin thrust through them both. The main frame is of 

 oak, 8 inches wide and 2 inches thick. It runs on wheels 20 

 inches in diameter and 2i inches wide, which are placed on a 

 crank axle, the arms of which are 5| inches long, and which regu- 

 late the depth. 



The cutting action of this implement is by a series of rolling 

 plates attached to each arm of the harrow. These plates are in 

 the form of hollow segments of a sphere; the length of the chord 

 is 11 inches, and the versed side | inch. They are made of gray 

 iron chilled on the edge, which is quite sharp; the convex side is 

 turned outward. Seven of these concave plates are attached to 

 one of the expanding arms, and six to the other. There is a 

 socket attached to the center of each plate, upon which it rotates. 

 A hollow cone, the opening at the base being 2| inches in diame- 

 ter, and having a flange which is f inch wide, is placed on the 

 lower side of the expanding arms; an eye-bolt passes through the 

 cone, which is fastened by a nut on the upper side of the arms; 

 the eye fits into shoulders cut in the lower part of the cone. A 

 steel pin from the eye projects inward, upon which the socket 

 of the plates run; on the outside a scraper is attached to the 

 under side of the oak arms, which takes otf the adhering earth 

 from the convex surface, and also prevents the plates from run- 

 ning off the steel pins upon which they rotate. They can be 

 moved on a slot \\ inches backward and forward. The plane of 

 rotation of the plates make an angle of 15 degrees with the line 

 of the harrow's motion. 



The effect of this machine as a pulverizer was most astonishing. 

 It worked most effectually diagonally across the fui'rows, going 



