PREFACE. XXI 



curring highest, although frequently this situation is held by 

 the sandstone. In this sandstone numerous vegetable remains 

 occur, and these occasionally of a great size. In quarrying it, 

 the workmen often come to a harder variety, which they term 

 Bastard Whin ; and numerous circular masses of this descrip- 

 tion every where present themselves, which seem very like 

 rolled masses of an older date, which have become accidentally 

 imbedded in their present situation, when the sandstone was 

 forming. Calc sinter is the only other substance worth men- 

 tioning as accompanying this formation, and that both of an 

 ancient and of a modern date. 



w At the distance of a mile or two from Berwick, we notice 

 the mouth of the Whiteadder, a tributary of the Tweed, the 

 banks of which, for nearly half its course, by Edrington, Foul- 

 den, Hutton, Allanton, and Chirnside, exhibit a succession of 

 the self same rocks, except on the banks at Hutton Hall, 

 where we meet with a mineral different from any now noticed, 

 but which, in other parts of the world, sometimes occurs in 

 great abundance in this formation. This is the fibrous gyp. 

 sum, both the red and white varieties of which occur in the 

 form of numerous thin beds, alternating with the sandstone 

 and marl. Still ascending the Tweed, we pass the fine domain 

 of Paxton, the well-known Chain-bridge a little above it, Nor- 

 ham Castle, Ladykirk, mouth of the Till, and Coldstream 

 regarding all which places it is unnecessary, in an outline of 

 this description, to say more, than that the self-same rocks, 

 with almost the same characters, and nearly in the same suc- 

 cession, still continue to present themselves. 



" Leaving such details, we conclude the present outline 

 with one or two general remarks. The first regards the situa- 



