36 TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 



45. SHEUARDIA. 



1. S. arvensis, stems spreading, branched; leaves 6 in a whorl; 

 flowers terminal, pale blue. Slue Sherardia. 



Hal. Dry corn fields and waste places, common. 



46. ASPEHULA. 



1. A. odorata^ stems erect, simple ; leaves 8 in a whorl, lanceo- 

 late ; panicles stalked, of few white flowers. Sweet Woodruff. 



Hob. Woods and shady places. Ashwood, Belford, Thomp. 

 Fen wick Wood, and hedge sides between it and Detchirit. 

 June. If. 



47. GALIUM. 

 * Fruit smooth ; flowers yellow. 



1. G. verum, leaves 8 in a whorl, linear, channelled, entire, 

 rough ; flowers in dense panicles. Yellow Bed-straw. 



Hob. Dry banks, and edges of corn fields. July, Aug. 7/ 



GERARDE tells us that " the people in Cheshire, especially 

 about Namptwich, where the best cheese is made, do vse 

 , "it in their rennet, esteeming greatly of that cheese aboue 

 other made without it." The Highlanders also use a 

 strong decoction of the herb as a rennet to curdle milk ; 

 and of the roots to dye red, boiling them with the yarn, 

 and adding alum to fix the colour, which, according to Mr 

 CURTIS, is superior to that of madder. The whole plant 

 dies a good yellow. 



2. G. cruciatum, leaves ovate, hairy, 4 in a whorl ; stem hairy, 

 simple above ; flowers polygamous, clustered, lateral, with 2 

 leaves on their stalks. Crossivort. 



Hal. Thickets and hedges, common. May, June. I/. 



* * Fruit smooth ; flowers white. 



3. G. palustre, leaves obovate, obtuse, the upper ones 4 in a 

 whorl, unequal in size ; stem weak, branched in the upper part, 

 branches patent. Water Bed-straw. 



Hal. Boggy places and ditches. July. If. 

 SMITH says the stems are smooth, but we have never seen 

 them otherwise than rough with deflexed prickles. 



