CRYPTOGAMIA LICHENES. 89 



minute, immersed, black, obscurely bordered, centre depressed 

 Loud. Encyclop. No. 15406, Lichen conspurcatus, Eng. Dot. t. 964. 



Hab, On sandstone rocks at Hudshead. 



* * Apothecia variously coloured. 



10. L. luteola, crust greyish-white, granular; apothecia yellow- 

 ish-brown, tubercle-like HOOK. Scot. ii. 39. Lichen vernalis, 

 LIGHTF. Scot. 805. WITH. iv. 15. Eng. Bot. t. 845. Patellaria 

 vernalis, SPRENG. Syst. Veg. iv. 265. DILL. Muse. t. 18. f. 4. 



Hab. Trunks of trees, very common. 



Grows in round or irregular thin patches, and almost always 

 intermixed with the L. parasema. The apothecia are nu- 

 merous ; the smaller have a margin of the same colour as 

 the crust, and others are covered with a greyish bloom, 

 but both disappear in their -progress to maturity. 



1 ] . L. ctesio-rufa, " crust cracked and areolated, rugose, dark- 

 ish-grey ; fructification plane, brownish-red, with sometimes a 

 crenulate border, becoming at length convex, less bordered, dark 

 or blackish-red." GREV. Fl. Edin. 327. HOOK. Scot. ii. 39. 

 Lichen aurantiacus, LIGHTF. Scot. 810. L. crenularius^ WITH. 

 iv. 23. L. ferrugineus, Eng. Bot. t. 1650. 



Uab. Sandstone rocks on the coast of North Durham and 

 Berwickshire. 



12. L. anthracincij crust spreading, cracked, roughish, darkish- 

 brown : apothecia cupped, buff-coloured, with a very white mealy 

 thick elevated border. HOOK. Scot. ii. 39. Lichen lyssinun, 

 WITH. iv. 26. Eng. Bot. t. 432. 



Hab. On rocks at Hudshead, sparingly. 



The crust, in our specimens, is of a dull black colour, cracked 

 in squares, and nearly even. 



48. EVERNIA. 



1. E. prunastri, frond plane, branched in a dichotomous man- 

 ner, upper surface greenish-white, pitted, smooth or marked with 

 farinaceous tubercles, most numerous on the edges ; beneath 

 white, channelled, naked and wrinkled HOOK. Scot. ii. 61. 



