CYPEKACEAE. 55 



narrowed into a rough beak more than half the length of the body, the teeth 

 and suture on inner face conspicuous. Our plant is C. Leersii angustata 

 (Carey) Mackenzie. N. Occasional, in boggy meadows. Sandstones and 

 shales. Sum. 



14. C, incomperta Bickn. Deep-green: leaves usually exceeding culm; blades 

 1-2 mm. wide: culms slender, 2-3 dm. tall, rough at least above: spikes 3-6, 

 subglobose, 5-15-flowered, approximate or a little separate, about 5 mm. thick: 

 staminate flowers at base of terminal spike conspicuous: scales ovate, acute or 

 short-acuminate, much shorter and narrower than perigynia: perigynia deep- 

 green, 2.5-3 mm. long, plano-convex, many-nerved on inner face, widely spread- 

 ing or reflexed, the body broadly ovate or ovate-orbicular, abruptly contracted 

 into a rough beak, half the length of the body, the teeth and suture on inner 

 face conspicuous. Occasional, in swamps and swampy woods. Spr. 



15. C. scoparia Schk. Culms slender, 1.5-7.5 dm. tall, roughish above: leaf- 

 blades less than 3 mm. wide, those of sterile shoots few, ascending : spikes 3-10, 

 oblong, narrowed at both ends, bright-brown, 6-16 mm. long, aggregated into 

 an ovoid head or separated: scales thin, brown, acute or acuminate, shorter than 

 the perigynia: perigynia lanceolate, 4-6.5 mm. long, rather less than 2 mm. 

 wide, narrowly wing-margined, several-nerved on both faces, each tapering into 

 a serrulate 2-toothed beak. Eather common, in moist soil. Sum. 



16. C. tribuloides Wahl. Culms 2-9 dm. tall, roughish above: leaf -blades flat, 

 3-8 mm. wide, those of sterile shoots numerous, widely spreading: lower bract 

 bristle-form: spikes 6-20, obovoid or top-shaped, varying to suborbicular, blunt, 

 7-12 mm. long: scales lanceolate, whitish, acute, about \ as long as the peri- 

 gynia : perigynia lanceolate, greenish-brown, flat, 3.5-5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, 

 appressed or ascending, several-nerved on both faces, each with a sharply 2- 

 toothed rough wing-margined beak. Eather common, in moist soil. Sum. 



17. C. cristatella Britton. Culms 2.5-7.5 dm. tall, roughish above, overtopping 

 the leaves: leaf -blades flat, 3-7 mm. wide, those of sterile shoots numerous, 

 widely spreading: spikes 6-15, globose or subglobose, greenish or brownish, 

 4-8 mm. long, aggregated into a cylindric or oblong head: scales lanceolate, 

 whitish, much shorter than the perigynia: perigynia lanceolate or ovate-lanceo- 

 late, 3-4 mm. long, squarrose at maturity, narrowly wing-margined, several- 

 nerved on both faces, each tapering into a serrulate 2-toothed beak. Occa- 

 sional, especially in the Susquehanna valley. Sum. 



18. C. straminea Willd. Culms slender, 3-7.5 dm. tall, roughish above, the 

 top commonly nodding : leaves shorter than the culm ; blades 2 mm. wide or less, 

 long-pointed: bracts short or the lower bristle-form and exceeding its spike: 

 spikes 3-8>, slightly longer than thick, narrowed at the base, slightly obovoid, 

 4-5 mm. thick: scales lanceolate, acute, shorter and narrower than the peri- 

 gynia : perigynia ascending or spreading, ovate, 3-4 mm. long, green, strongly 

 several-nerved on the outer face, fewer-nerved or nerveless, on the inner, 

 wing-margined, the tapering rough 2-toothed beak shorter than the body. 

 Eather rare, in meadows. Sum. 



19. C. festucacea Schk. Culms slender or stoutish, 3-12 dm. tall, erect, rough- 

 ened beneath head: leaves shorter than the culm; blades 2-4 mm. wide: bracts 

 short or wanting: spikes 3-10, in a stiff head, approximate or separate, 7-15 

 mm. long, 4-9 mm. wide, rounded or narrowed at base: scales ovate-lanceolate, 

 obtuse or acutish, shorter and narrower than the perigynia: perigynia spreading 

 or ascending, orbicular to broadly ovate, 4 4.5 mm. long, 2.5-3.5 mm. wide, 

 thickish, strongly nerved on outer face, nerveless or nearly so on inner face, 

 green, strongly wing-margined, the rough bidentate beak one-third the length 

 of the body. Occasional, in low woods and swamps. Sum. 



20. C. hormathodes Fernald. Culms very slender, 3-9 dm. tall, the summit 

 often nodding, usually strongly roughened above: leaves shorter than culm; 



