CYPEEACEAE. 57 



27. C. varia Muhl. Plants cespitose and scarcely stoloniferous. Leaf-bladea 

 1-2.5 mm. wide, shorter or longer than the culm: culms filiform, erect or some- 

 what spreading, 1-4 dm. long: lower bract scale-like or subulate, rarely 2 cm. 

 long : staminate spike 4-12 mm. long, sessile, usually rather prominent : pistillate 

 spikes 1-4, 3-7 mm. long: scales ovate, green or purplish- tinged, cuspidate: 

 perigynia oblong-ovoid, pubescent, about 2 mm. long, narrowed at the base, 

 each with a subulate minutely 2-toothed beak commonly ^ the length of the 

 body. Eather common, on hillsides and in woods. Spr. 



28. C. umbellata Schk. Plants short-stoloniferous. Leaves light-green, usually 

 much exceeding the culms; blades 1-3 mm. wide, slender, ascending, the old 

 sheaths fibrillose: culms tufted and matted, filiform, 2.515 cm. long: staminate 

 spike commonly conspicuous: pistillate spikes 1-3, filiform-stalked from the 

 basal sheaths or 1 or 2 of them sessile or very nearly so at the base of the stami- 

 nate spike, ovoid-oblong, 4-12 mm. long: scales acuminate or short-awned, the 

 lower hiding the perigynia: perigynia oval, pubescent, 3-angled, the body 1.5- 

 2.5 mm. long, tipped with a subulate 2-toothed beak of nearly its length or 

 much shorter. M. Bare, in dry soil. Quartzite. Spr. 



29. C. hirtifolia Mackenzie. Plants stoloniferous, pubescent all over. Leaves 

 light-green, usually shorter than the culms; blades flat, 3-9 mm. wide: culms 

 tufted from matted bases: staminate spike narrow, sessile or nearly so: pistil- 

 late spikes 2-4, oblong-cylindric, 6-22 mm. long, the lower short -stalked, the 

 upper sessile or nearly so: scales obovate, thin, rough-cuspidate: perigynia 

 oblong-obovoid, sharply triangular, about 4 mm. long, densely pubescent, more 

 slender at the narrowed apex than at less narrowed base, about as long as the 

 scales. [C. pubescens Muhl.] M. Occasional, in meadows and ravines. 

 Limestones. Spr. 



30. C. pedunculata Muhl. Plants forming dense mats. Leaves bright-green, 

 mostly longer than the culms; blades flat, 2-4 mm. wide: culms 0.5-3 dm. tall, 

 strongly purplish-tinged at base: upper bracts with reduced blades: staminate 

 spike cialked, commonly 1-1.5 cm. long, often with few pistillate flowers at 

 the base: pistillate spikes 2-4, remote, 3-8-flowered, slender-stalked, often 

 staminate at apex : scales obovate, cuspidate, purplish-tinged : perigynia obovoid, 

 sharply triangular above, about 4 mm. long, obscurely obliquely beaked, spar- 

 ingly puberulent or becoming glabrous, the lower surpassed by the scales. 

 M. Bare, in woods. Limestones. Spr. 



31. C. Meadii Dewey. Similar to the following species. Culms stouter, very 

 rough, 2-4.5 dm. tall, usually with 6-10 developed leaf-blades, 3.5-7 mm. 

 wide: bracts short, not overtopping the spikes: staminate spike long-stalked: 

 pistillate spikes 1-3, oblong or linear-oblong, 8-30-flowered, dense, 1-2.5 cm. 

 long, about 6 mm. in diameter, erect, stalked or the upper one sessile: scales 

 ovate, green with purple-brown margins: perigynia obovoid, many-nerved, more 

 than 3 mm. long, each tipped with a minute slightly bent beak. S. Kare, in 

 swamps. Serpentine. Sum. 



32. C. tetanica Schk. Light-green and glabrous. Eootstocks deep-seated, elon- 

 gate. Culms slender, rough above, 1.5-6 dm. tall, usually with 3-5 developed 

 leaves: leaf -blades 2-3.5 mm. wide: bracts narrow, elongate: staminate spike 

 stalked: pistillate spikes 1 to 3, erect, distant, linear, 6-20-flowered, 2.5 cm. 

 long or less, or the lower filiform-stalked and drooping : scales ovate- oblong : 

 perigynia oblong, obovoid, many-nerved, less than 3 mm. long, tapering to an 

 entire orifice, beakless or minutely beaked. Eather rare, in low woods and 

 meadows. Sum. 



33. C. polymorpha Muhl. Eather dark-green from matted elongate stout 

 rootstocks. Culms stiff, 3-6 dm. tall: leaf -blades 3-4 mm. wide, nearly erect: 

 bracts usually little longer than the pistillate spike : staminate spikes 1 or rarely 

 2, long-stalked: pistillate spikes one or two, erect, short-stalked or sessile, 

 densely 12-25-flowered, 1.5-4 cm. long, 8 mm. thick: scales red-brown, some- 



