78 TEILLIACEAE. 



Calyx of 3 generally white or pale sepals. Corolla of 3 petals nearly 

 similar to the sepals. Androecium of 6 stamens. Gynoecium superior, of 

 3 united carpels. Style stout, sometimes obsolete during anthesis. Fruit 

 a primarily loeulicidal capsule, sometimes indehiscent or baccate. 



1. YUCCA [Kupp.] L. Caudex commonly leafy throughout. Flowers 

 perfect, relatively large, in panicles or racemes. Sepals and petals several- 

 nerved, deciduous. Ovules numerous. Capsule dehiscent, or baccate. Seeds 

 black. 



J. Y. filamentosa L. Caudex short: leaves firm, 3-6 dm. long, stiffly erect or 

 spreading, with curly fibers: panicle-branches usually glabrous: capsules 5-6 

 cm. long : seed lustrous, about 7 mm. long. M. Rare, on banks of the Little 

 Chiquesalunga Creek. Escaped from gardens. Nat. southward. Sum. 

 BEAR-GRASS. ADAM 'S-NEEDLE. 



FAMILY 7. TRILLIACEAE. TRILLIUM FAMILY. 



Perennial herbs with rootstocks. Leaves in a whorl on the stem, or 

 basal and wanting on the mature plant: blades broad. Bracts leaf -like 

 in a whorl at the top of the scape or peduncle. Flowers perfect, solitary 

 or in a terminal cluster. Calyx of 3 sepals. Corolla of 3 petals more or 

 less different from the sepals. Androecium of 6 stamens. Gynoecium of 

 3 united carpels. Stigmas 3. Ovules several in each ovary-cavity. Fruit 

 baccate. 



Flowers several in an umbel-like cluster : sepals and petals nearly alike : flowering 

 stem with a whorl of leaves and a whorl of bracts. 1. MEDEOLA. 



Flowers solitary : sepals and petals very different : flowering stem 



(scape) with only a whorl of leaf-like bracts. 2. TRILLIUM. 



1. MEDEOLA [Gronov.] L. Caulescent herbs, with long brittle rootstocks. 

 Leaves and bracts with thinnish blades. Pedicels slender, more or less declined. 

 Anthers shorter than the filaments. 



1. M. virginica L. Stem 2-9' dm. tall: leaves 4-1G; blades elliptic, spatulate, 

 or obovate, 5-15 cm. long: bracts smaller than the leaves: sepals and petals 

 greenish, 9-11 cm. long: berries spheroidal, 8-15 mm. thick, dark-purple. 

 Common, in moist woods. Spr. INDIAN CUCUMBER-ROOT. 



2. TRILLIUM L. Scapose herbs with firm corm-like rootstocks. Leaves 

 and bracts with thick blades. Pedicels stout, or solitary flower sessile. Anthers 

 longer than the filaments. Spr. WAKE-ROBIN. BIRTHROOT. 



Stigmas stout, tapering, the tips recurved: anthers stout: petals less than 4 cm. 



long : berry ovoid. 

 Stamens overtopping the stigmas ; filaments mostly less 



than % as long as the anthers, 1. T. erectum. 



Stamens overtopped by the stigmas ; filaments mostly over 



% as long as the anthers. 2. T. cernuum. 



Stigmas slender, of equal diameter throughout, mostly erect 

 or spreading : anthers slender : petals over 4 cm. long : 

 berry subglobose. 3. T. grandiflorum. 



1. T. erectum L. Scape 3-6 dm. tall: bracts 8-18 cm. long; blades rhombic, 

 often broader than long: pedicel 3-10 cm. long, erect or nearly so: sepala 

 oblong or lanceolate, 2-3.5 cm. long: petals lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 

 brown-purple or nearly white: anthers 5-9 mm. long: berry purple or nearly 

 black. Common, in rich woods along the river and creeks. 



2. T. cernuum L. Scape 2-6 dm. tall: bracts 6-12 cm. long; blades sometimes 

 decidedly wider than long: petals white, broadly ovate: anthers 8-10 mm. long: 

 berry purple. Frequent, in rich woods along the river and creeks. 



