116 ALSINACEAE. 



long, acuminate: petals oblong, about as long as the sepals: capsules 5-7 mm. 

 long. S. Common, in dry pastures. Schists, serpentine. Sum. 



2. C. vulgatum L. Plants 8-50 cm. tall, pubescent and somewhat clammy: 

 blades of the upper leaves oblong, narrowly elliptic or ovate, 5-35 mm. long: 

 sepals lanceolate, 5-6 mm. long, obtuse: petals narrowly obovate: capsules 

 9-11 mm. long. Common, in pastures and fields. Sum. 



3. C. viscosum L. Plants 8-40 cm. tall, viscid-villous : blades of the upper 

 leaves oval or obovate, 8-25 mm. long: sepals oblong-lanceolate, 3-4 mm. long, 

 acute: petals elliptic-oblong, shorter than the sepals or slightly longer: cap- 

 sules 7-9 mm. long. Common, in meadows and moist soil. Spr. 



4. C. longipedunculatum Muhl. Plants 8-50 cm. tall, clammy-villous : blades 

 of the upper leaves oblong, linear-oblong, or lanceolate, 9-60 mm. long: sepals 

 oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 4-5 mm. long, acute: petals oblong or linear- 

 oblong, somewhat longer than the sepals, or wanting: capsules 9-13 mm. long. 

 M. S. Common, in moist thickets and woods. Limestones, schists. Spr. 



5. C. arvense L. Plants 9-40 cm. tall, soft-pubescent: blades of the upper 

 leaves linear-lanceolate to linear, 25-30 mm. long: sepals oblong-lanceolate, 

 4-5 mm. long, acutish: petals cuneate, scarcely twice as long as the sepals: 

 capsules 8-10 mm. long, less than twice the length of the mature calyx. 

 Common, in dry stony places and on cliffs. Spr. 



6. C. velutinum Eaf. Plants 15-40 cm. tall, copiously soft-pubescent, or 

 becoming glabrous in age: blades of the upper leaves mostly narrowly lanceo- 

 late to oblong, 2.5-4 cm. long, flat: sepals oblong to ovate-oblong, 4.5-5.5 mm. 

 long, obtuse: petals broadly cuneate, about twice as long s the sepals: cap- 

 sules 12-14 mm. long, fully twice as long as the mature calyx. Susquehanna 

 valley and S. Frequent or common, on rocks or in stony soil. Spr. and sum. 



FAMILY 8. OAEYOPHYLLACEAE. PINK FAMILY. 



Herbs with stems usually swollen at the nodes. Leaves opposite: 

 blades often with connate bases. Flowers perfect, polygamous, or rarely 

 dioecious. Calyx of 4 or 5 partially united sepals. Corolla of 4 or 5 

 distinct petals, the claws in the calyx-tube, the blades often appendaged at 

 the base. Androecium of usually 8 or 10 distinct stamens. Gynoecium 

 of 2-5 united carpels. Ovary often stalked. Fruit a capsule opening by 

 apical valves. 



Calyx-tube with 5 ribs, nerved or nerveless : styles 2. 



Petals unappendaged : calyx with bractlets at the base. 1. DIANTHTJS. 



Petal appendaged at the base of the blade: calyx without 



bractlets. 2. SAPONARIA. 



Calyx tube with at least twice as many ribs as lobes : styles 3 



or more. 



Styles 3 or rarely 4. 3. SILENE. 



Styles 5. 



Calyx-lobes relatively small, short : petals alternate with 



the styles ; blades appendaged. 4. LYCHNIS. 



Calyx-lobes foliaceous, elongate : petals opposite to the 



blades unappendaged. 5. AGROSTEMMA. 



1. DIANTHUS L. Perennial or rarely annual herbs. Leaf -blades usually 

 narrow. Flowers perfect, sessile. Calyx narrow: tube equally striate. Petals 

 5: blades narrow. Ovary elongate. Capsule narrow, sessile. 



1. D. Armeria L. Stem 2-8 dm. tall, minutely pubescent: blades of the 

 cauline leaves linear, 3-8 cm. long: calyx pubescent, 19-22 mm. long; lobes 

 lanceolate, acuminate: petal-blades oblong to cuneate, 5-6.5 mm. long, mainly 

 pink, toothed: capsules 13-15 mm. long. Bather common, on roadsides and 

 in fields. Nat. of En. Sum. PINK. DEPTFOED-PINK. 



