148 EOSACEAE. 



hairs and scattered prickles: leaflets 3; blades broadly ovate or oval to sub- 

 orbicular, 3-9 cm. long, acute or short-acuminate, crenate and usually shal- 

 lowly lobed, green above, densely white-tomentulose beneath: hypanthium 

 densely glandular-bristly: sepals linear-lanceolate, 12-16 mm. long, acuminate: 

 petals white, rhombic-ovate or rhombic-obovate, 4-5 mm. long, erect: fruits 

 ovoid, cherry-red, about 1 cm. broad. Common, in thickets and fence-rows. 

 Nat. of Japan. Spr. WINEBERRY. 



4. R. cuneifolius Pursh. Much-branched shrub 0.5-1 m. tall: leaflets 3-5; 

 blades leathery, acute or abruptly acuminate, glabrous or nearly so and rugose 

 above, densely tomentose beneath, sharply serrate, that of the terminal one 

 cuneate: hypanthium woolly: sepals ovate or oval, about 4 mm. long: petals 

 white or pink, cuneate: fruits oblong, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, black or nearly so, 

 sweet. S. Not common, in dry soil. Schists, serpentine. SAND-BLACK- 

 BERRY. 



5. R. nigrobaccus Bailey. Straggling branched shrub with glandular-pilose 

 young foliage, armed with recurved prickles, the stems 1-3 m. long: leaflets 

 3-5; blades thickish, ovate, oval, or obovate, 5-11 cm. long, acute or acumi- 

 nate, coarsely and unequally serrate, softly pubescent, at least beneath: hypan- 

 thium glandular: sepals elliptic-lanceolate, 6-7 mm. long, acuminate: petals 

 white or pink, 1-2 cm. long, obovate to suborbicular : fruits oval to globose- 

 oval, 12-25 mm. long, black, juicy. Common, in thickets and on banks. 



6. R. allegheniensis Porter. Eesembling R. nigrobaccus, but with more densely 

 glandular foliage, the stems rather more slender, erect or spreading, 6-25 dm. 

 long, copiously prickly, red or purple: leaflets 3-5; blades relatively narrow, 

 ovate-lanceolate to ovate, elliptic, oblong, or oval: corolla 2.5-3 cm. broad: 

 fruits cylindric, 16-28 mm.' long, much less juicy than that of related species, 

 but of a peculiar spicy flavor. W. Eather rare, on the rocky banks of the 

 Susquehanna Eiver. 



7. R. frondosus Bigel. Erect or spreading shrub with closely pubescent 

 foliage, armed with straight or slightly curved prickles, the stems 0.5-2 m. 

 long. Leaflets 3 or rarely 5; blades elliptic to oval, varying to ovate or obo- 

 vate, 1.5-6 cm. long, usually acute or acuminate, sharply but rather finely 

 serrate and incised: flowers in terminal leafly-bracted racemes: petals white or 

 pinkish, obovate to oblong-cuneate, 1-1.5 cm. long: fruits oblong-eylindric, 

 1-1.5 cm. long, fleshy. Susquehanna valley. Occasional, on shaded banks. 



8. R. procumbens Muhl. Trailing shrub with prickle-armed or nearly naked 

 stems 1-3 m. long, the foliage thinly pubescent, the branches erect or ascending, 

 1-3 dm. tall: leaflets 3-7; blades elliptic-oval, suborbicular, or sometimes ovate 

 or cuneate, 2-8 em. long, sharply dentate-serrate and often incised, usually 

 acute or acuminate: flowers solitary or few in loose racemes: petals white or 

 pink, obovate or cuneate, fully 10 mm. long, rounded or retuse at the apex: 

 fruits subglobose to oval, 2-2.5 cm. long, black, very sweet and juicy. 

 Common, in old fields and on open hillsides. 



9. R. Baileyanus Britton. Prickle-armed shrub with ascending or trailing 

 stems 3-15 dm. long, the foliage more or less pubescent or glabrate in age: 

 leaflets 3, or sometimes solitary; blades of the leaflets elliptic to suborbicular 

 varying to ovate or obovate, often acute or acuminate, sharply serrate or 

 incised, commonly rounded or cordate at the base : petals white or pink, cuneate 

 or obovate-cuneate, 1.5-2 cm. long: fruits subglobose, or oval, 1-1.5 cm. long, 

 rather dry, black. Occasional, in dry woods or thickets. 



10. R. hispidus L. Slender bristly or prickly shrub with trailing stems, the 

 branches erect or ascending, 1-3 dm. tall : leaflets mostly 3 : blades rather 

 leathery, 1-4 cm. long, usually obtuse at the apex, unequally serrate, the ter- 

 minal one narrowly or broadly cuneate, the lateral ones oval or suborbicular, 

 varying to ovate or obovate: petals white or pinkish, spatulate to cuneate- 



