156 AMYGDALACEAE. 



base: corymbs many -flowered, the branches glabrous: sepals short-triangular 

 or deltoid, entire, ciliate: corolla about 1 cm. wide: stamens about 20; 

 anthers pink: pomes spheroidal, 4-6 mm. thick, bright-red or scarlet; nutlets 

 3-4 mm. long. [C. cor data Ait.] Occasional, on roadsides and in thickets. 

 Escaped from gardens and hedges. Nat. southward. WASHINGTON-THORN. 



3. C. Crus-galli L. Tree sometimes 9 m. tall, the thorns long, sometimes 

 branched: leaf -blades obovate or oblanceolate, 2-5 cm. long, or longer and 

 broader on shoots, obtuse or acute, glabrous, sharply serrate above the middle, 

 cuneate at the base: corymbs many-flowered, the branches glabrous: sepals 

 linear-lanceolate, 3.5-5 mm. long, entire: corolla 12-14 mm. wide: stamens 

 about 10; anthers rose-colored or purplish: pomes oval or oblong, 8-13 mm. 

 thick, dull-red at maturity : nutlets 8-9 mm. long. Frequent, in thickets and 



WOOds. COCKSPUR-THOEN. 



4. C. coccinea L. Tree usually less than 9 m. tall, or an irregular shrub, the 

 thorns few, straight or nearly so : leaf -blades ovate, 2-7.5 cm. long, acute, 

 serrate and shallowly mostly 5-9-lobed, often becoming rough, broadly cuneate 

 to truncate at the base: corymbs few-flowered, the branches pubescent: sepals 

 lanceolate, 4.5-5.5 mm. long, toothed near the apex: corolla about 2.5 cm. 

 wide: stamens about 10; anthers light-yellow: pomes subglobose or oval, 8-10 

 mm. thick, reddish-brown at maturity ; nutlets mostly 5-7 mm. long. Fre- 

 quent, in woods and thickets. SCARLET-THORN. 



5. C. tomentosa L. Tree 7 m. tall or less, or a shrub, the thorns straight: 

 leaf -blades oval, obovate, or spatulate, or sometimes ovate, 2-5 cm. long, or 

 longer on shoots, acute, obtuse, or rounded at the apex, serrate or serrate- 

 dentate, sometimes also incised, permanently pubescent beneath, usually 

 cuneate at the base: corymbs few-flowered, the branches pubescent: sepals 

 lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 3-4 mm. long, laciniate-toothed: corolla 10-14 

 mm. wide: stamens typically 20; anthers purplish: pomes subglobose, varying 

 to oval or pyriform, 10-15 mm. thick, dull-red, or sometimes yellow-green; 

 nutlets mostly 7-8 mm. long. Occasional, in open woods. 



6. C. rotundifolia Moench. Tree sometimes 9 m. tall, or a round-topped 

 shrub, the thorns numerous, curved: leaf -blades thick, broadly ovate or orbicu- 

 lar-ovate, or sometimes obovate, 2.5-6 cm. long, acute, serrate and shallowly 

 7-9-lobed, glabrous, mostly broadly cuneate at the base: corymbs many- 

 flowered, the branches glabrous or sparingly pubescent: sepals lanceolate, 

 glandular-serrate, 2.5-3 mm. long: corolla about 2 cm. wide: stamens 5-10; 

 anthers usually yellow: pomes subglobose, 9-12 mm. thick, red; nutlets 6-7 

 mm. long. N. Frequent, in open wood and thickets. Sandstones and 

 shales. 



7. C. Holmesiana Ashe. Tree mostly less than 8 m. tall, or a round-topped 

 shrub, the thorns rather numerous, curved: leaf -blades thin, ovate or elliptic- 

 ovate, 2.5-9 cm. long, acute or acuminate, serrate and 9^13-lobed, permanently 

 pubescent beneath, abruptly narrowed at the base: corymbs many-flowered, the 

 branches pubescent, or sometimes nearly glabrous: sepals lanceolate, 5-6 mm. 

 long, glandular-serrate: corolla about 1.5 cm. wide: stamens 5-10; anthers 

 red: pomes pyriform or nearly oval, 11-13 mm. thick, crimson; nutlets 7-9 

 mm. long. [C. tenuifolia Britten.] S. Occasional, on hillsides and road- 

 sides. Schists. 



FAMILY 11. AMYGDALACEAE. PLUM FAMILY. 



Shrubs or trees, commonly with prussic acid in the tissues. Leaves 

 alternate, with free, often early deciduous, stipules : blades simple, mostly 

 toothed. Flowers perfect, in corymbs, cymes, racemes, or panicles, some- 

 times clustered. Calyx of 5 sepals, borne on the edge of the hypanthium, 

 deciduous. Corolla of 5 petals. Androecium of many stamens. Gynoe- 



