SIMAKOUBACEAE. 175 



than the lower ones, more or less acuminate at both ends, rather sharply ser- 

 rate: flowers variously-colored: capsules ovoid or oblong-ovoid, 2-3 cm. long, 

 pubescent. Occasional, in waste places and about gardens. Nat. of E. Indies. 

 GARDEN BALSAM. 



FAMILY 5. LIMNANTHACEAE. FALSE-MERMAID FAMILY. 



Herbs with tender tissues. Leaves alternate : blades pinnately divided. 

 Flowers perfect, axillary. Calyx of 2-5 sepals. Corolla of 2-5 petals. 

 Androeeium of 4-10 stamens. Gynoecium of 2-5 carpels united only by 

 their bases and styles. Fruit 2-5-lobed, fleshy, the carpels separating as 

 achenes. 



1. FLOERKEA Willd. Annual diffuse herbs. Leaf-segments narrow. 

 Flowers inconspicuous. Sepals 3. Petals 3, white. Stamens 6. Ovary 3- 

 celled. Achenes 1-3, rough. 



1. F. proserpinacoides Willd. Stems decumbent, 1-4 dm. long : leaves 2-8 cm. 

 long, the segments 3-5, distant: sepals ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3 mm. 

 long: petals oblong-obovate, 1.5 mm. in diameter: achenes subglobose, 2-2.5 

 mm. in diameter. M. Local, on shaded creek-banks near Lancaster. Lime- 

 stones. Spr. 



FAMILY 6. RUTACEAE. RUE FAMILY. 



Shrubs or trees, or rarely herbs, often prickle-armed, and with 

 glandular-punctate tissues. Leaves alternate or opposite: blades simple 

 or pinnately compound, sometimes 1-foliolate. Flowers perfect or polyg- 

 amous, mostly regular. Calyx of 3-5, or rarely more, sepals, or wanting. 

 Corolla of 3-5, or rarely more, petals. Androeeium of as many stamens 

 as there are sepals or petals or rarely thrice as many. Gynoecium of 2-5 

 distinct or united carpels. Fruit capsular, samaroid, drupaceous, or 

 baccate. 



1. ZANTHOXYLUM L. Shrubs or trees. Leaf -blades pinnate, sometimes 

 1-foliolate. Flowers polygamous, in axillary cymes. Sepals present or wanting. 

 Petals 4 or 5, mostly erect. Mature carpels solitary, or 2-5 together. 

 PRICKLY-ASH. 



1. Z. americanum Mill. Shrub 1-3 m. tall, with prickly branches: leaves 1-3 

 dm. long; leaflets 4-8 cm. long, the blades ovate, oblong or rarely oval: corolla 

 3-3.5 mm. wide : capsules 4-5 mm. in diameter. M. S. Not common, in 

 thickets and on banks. Limestones, schists. Spr. NORTHERN PRICKLY- 

 ASH. TOOTHACHE-TREE. 



FAMILY 7. SIMAROUBACEAE. AILANTHUS FAMILY. 



Shrubs or trees, or rarely herbs. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite : 

 blades pinnately compound, 1-3-foliolate, or rarely simple. Flowers polyg- 

 amous, deciduous, or rarely perfect, solitary, spicate, racemose, or panicu- 

 late. Calyx of 3-5 sepals. Corolla of 3-5 petals, or wanting. Androeeium 

 of as many stamens as there are sepals or twice as many, or rarely very 

 many. Gynoecium of 2-5 more or less united carpels. Ovary usually 

 lobed. Stigmas mostly introrse. Fruit a drupe or a samara, or baccate. 



1. AILANTHUS Desf. Trees. Leaf -blades unequally pinnate, the leaf- 

 lets thin. Flowers polygamo-dioecious, paniculate. Sepals 5, short. Petals 5, 



