176 POLYGALACEAE. 



valvate, much larger than the sepals. Stamens 10, unappendaged at the base. 

 Ovary 2-5-celled, deeply lobed at the apex: style columnar. Fruit a cluster of 

 5, or fewer, samaras with the style-bases lateral. 



1. A. glandulosa Desf. Tree becoming 30 m. tall: leaflets 13-41; 

 lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 7-18 cm. long: samaras 4-5 cm. long, linear- 

 elliptic, numerous in drooping clusters, the seed in the middle. M. Frequent, 

 on the banks of the Conestoga Creek. Nat. of As. Sum. TREE-OP-HEAVEN. 



Order POL YGAL ALES. 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled, some- 

 times scale-like. Flowers perfect. Perianth mostly irregular, each whorl 

 of 5, or rarely 3 or 4, parts. Androecium of 6, 8, or 10 stamens, the fila- 

 ments often partially united. Anthers opening by terminal pores or 

 cracks. Gynoecium of 2 united carpels, or rarely of more. Fruit capsular. 



FAMILY 1. POLYG-ALACEAE. MILKWORT FAMILY. 



Herbs, or rarely shrubs or trees. Leaf -blades mostly entire. Flowers 

 solitary, spicate, or racemose, irregular. Calyx of mostly 5 sepals, the 2 

 inner petaloid. Corolla of 5, or often of 3, small, partially united petals, 

 the lower one keel-like. Androecium of 6-8 stamens, partially coherent 

 with the petals. Anthers 1-celled. Capsule usually 2-seeded. 



1. POLYGALA [Tourn.] L. Herbs or woody plants. Leaf -blades mostly 

 entire. Spikes or racemes lax or dense. Sepals 5, the 2 lateral ones (wings) 

 larger than the others. Petals 3, or rarely 5, the middle one (keel) commonly 

 lobed or crested at the apex. Stamens 8 or 6: filaments united into a tube or 

 into 2 sets. Style curved. Capsule flattened. Seed usually carunculate. 

 MILKWORT. 



Flowers 1 or few, axillary to leaf-like-bracts. individually showy. 1. P. paucifolia. 

 Flowers several or many, in terminal, often spike-like racemes, 



not individually showy. 

 Leaves alternate. 



Wings suborbicular : plants perennial. 2. P. Senega. 



Wings decidedly longer than wide : plants annual. 



Petals united into a long cleft tube : keel long-clawed. 3. P. incarnata. 

 Petals not united into a long tube : keel short-clawed. 



Bracts persistent : wings of an elliptic type. 4. P. Nuttallii. 



Bracts deciduous : wings of a broadly ovate type. 5. P. viridescens. 

 Leaves mainly opposite or whorled. 



Wings obtuse : bracts deciduous : keel short-clawed : ra- 

 cemes slender. 

 Branches mostly alternate : racemes long-peduncled : 



flowers purplish or greenish-purple. 6. P. amMgua. 



Branches mostly opposite or whorled : racemes short- 



peduncled : flowers green or greenish. 7. P. verticillata. 



Wings acuminate : bracts persistent : keel long-clawed : 



racemes stout. 8. P. cruciata. 



1. P. paucifciia Willd. Plants 0.5-2 dm. tall: leaf -blades various, those of 

 the lower leaves scale-like, those of the upper elliptic, oval, or ovate: bracts 

 similar to the upper leaves: flowers rose-colored, rose-purple, or white: sepals 

 4-6 mm. long: wings spatulate to obovate, 10-18 mm. long: keel 15-20 mm. 

 long, the claw longer than the body: lateral petals 15-20 mm. long: capsules 

 suborbicular or orbicular-obovate, 5-8 mm. wide. S. Occasional, on banks of 

 the Octoraro Creek. Schists. Spr. FLOWERING-WINTERGREEN. FRINGED- 



POLYGALA. 



