258 EHINANTHACEAE. 



3. V. Thapsus L. Stems 3-18 dm. tall, woolly with long matted hairs: leaf- 

 blades spatulate to elliptic-spatulate on the lower part of the stem, oblanceo- 

 late to elliptic-obovate above, entire: pedicels woolly: calyx -lobes triangular- 

 lanceolate, 8-10 mm. long: corolla yellow or rarely white; longer lobe 8-11 

 mm. long : capsules ovoid, 7-10 mm. long, slightly exceeding the calyx. Com- 

 mon, in old fields and thickets. Nat. of Eu. COMMON-MULLEN. 



2. CYMBALARIA Medic. Perennial creeping or diffuse herbs. Leaf- 

 blades broad, mostly palmately lobed. Flowers solitary in the leaf-axils. 

 Calyx-lobes slightly longer than the tube. Corolla 2-lipped, short-spurred, the 

 throat nearly or wholly closed by a palate. Stamens 4: filaments glabrous. 

 Capsule with 2 apical pores. Seeds sharply ridged-wrinkled. 



1. C. Cynibalaria (L.) Wettst. Stem and branches trailing or creeping, gla- 

 brous, succulent: leaf -blades suborbicular to reniform, 0.5-3 cm. wide, the 

 lobes broad : calyx 2-2.5 mm. long ; lobes lanceolate : corolla blue or lilac, 8-10 

 mm. long; spur 1.5-2 mm. long: pedicels becoming recurved: capsules sub- 

 globose, 3-3.5 mm. in diameter. S. Occasional, on damp stone walls. Nat. 

 of Eu. Sum. KENILWORTH-IVY. COLISEUM-IVY. 



3. LUSTARIA [Tourn.] L. Annual, biennial, or perennial erect herbs. 

 Leaf -blades narrow, entire, toothed, or lobed. Flowers in spikes, racemes, or 

 panicles. Calyx-lobes much longer than the tube. Corolla 2-lipped, spurred, 

 the throat partly closed by a palate. Stamens 4: filaments glabrous. Cap- 

 sule with subapical pores. Seeds angled or wrinkled. Sum. TOAD-FLAX. 



Corolla blue : plants annual or biennial : leaves few. 1. L. canadensis. 



Corolla yellow : plants perennial : leaves numerous. 2. L. Linaria. 



1. L. canadensis (L.) Dumort. Stem 1-6 dm. tall, glabrous or nearly so: 

 leaf -blades narrowly linear: calyx-lobes linear or linear-oblong, 2.5-3 mm. 

 long : corolla 5-7 mm. long ; lateral lobes of the lower lip rounded ; spur mostly 

 4-5 mm. long: capsules about 2.5 mm. long. S. Occasional, on dry banks. 

 Schists. BLUE TOAD-FLAX. 



2. L. Linaria (L.) Karst. Stems 1-10 dm. tall, glaucous: leaf -blades linear 

 or nearly so: calyx-lobes ovate, 3-4 mm. long: corolla 2.5-3 cm. long; spur 

 nearly as long as the lower lip : capsules 9-12 mm. long. Common, in fields 

 and on roadsides. Nat. of Eu. SNAPDRAGON. BUTTER- AND-EGGS. EAMSTED. 



4. SCROPHULABIA [Tourn.] L. Perennial stiff herbs. Leaf -blades 

 toothed or incised. Flowers in panicled cymes. Calyx-lobes 5, relatively 

 broad. Corolla 2-lipped: upper lip erect: lower lip glabrous, shorter than the 

 upper one, the middle lobe recurved. Stamens 4: filaments short: anthers 

 glabrous. Staminodium clavate. Capsule exceeding the calyx. Sum. 

 FIGWORT. 



Corolla dull without: Staminodium -filament deep-purple. 1. S. marylandioa. 



Corolla lustrous without : staminoidium-filament greenish-yellow. 2. 8. leporella. 



1. S. marylandica L. Stems 1-2 m. tall, glabrous or nearly so: leaf -blades 

 oblong-ovate to lanceolate, 5-20 cm. long, serrate or crenate- serrate : corolla 

 6-8 mm. long: filaments mainly filiform: capsules 4-6 mm. long. Common, 

 in woods and on roadsides. 



2. S. leporella Bicknell. Stems 0.5-1.5 m. tall, glabrous or nearly so: leaf- 

 blades ovate, ovate-hastate, or lanceolate, 5-20 mm. long, incised-serrate or 

 deeply-incised: corolla 8-10 mm. long: capsules 7-10 mm. long. S. Eather 

 common, in woods and on roadsides. Schists. 



