454 



Glossary 



biennial, flowering and dying the 

 second year. 



bifid, 2-cleft to about the middle. 



bifurcate, 2-forked. 



bilabiate, 2-lipped. 



bladdery, thin and inflated. 



blade, the expanded portion of a leaf 

 or petal. 



bloom, a whitish powder. 



brachiate, in pairs, each pair arrang- 

 ed at right angles to the next. 



bract, the leaf of an inflorescence. 



bractlet, bracts that occur on flower- 

 pedicels. 



bulb, a leaf-bud with fleshy scales, 

 usually subterranean. 



bullate, appearing as if blistered or 

 bladdery. 



caducous, dropping off very early. 



ccespitose, growing in tufts. 



callous, hardened, 



calyptra, a hood. 



calyx, the outer set of the perianth. 



campanulate, bell-shaped. 



canescent, grayish- white, caused usu- 

 ally by a covering of fine whitish 

 hairs. 



capitate, having a head. 



capsule, a dry dehiscent fruit formed 

 from a compound pistil. 



carinate, keeled. 



carpel, a pistil-leaf or sporophyll. 



caruncle, an excrescence at the bilum 

 of some seeds. 



catkin, see ament. 



caudate, tailed. 



caudex, an upright stock. 



caudicle, the stalk of a pollen-mass. 



caulescent, having an obvious stem. 



caulicle, rudimentary stem of a seed- 

 ling. 



cauline, belonging to the stem. 



cell, the cavity of an anther or ovary. 



chaff, small membranous scales on 

 the receptacle of Compos itae. 



chaparral, a thick growth of shrubs, 

 such as manzanita or scrub-oak 



chartaceous, of the texture of paper. 



dilate, beset on the margin with a 

 fringe of hairs or bristles. 



clavate, club-shaped. 



claw, the stalk-like base of some 

 petals. 



cleistogamous, fertilized in closed 

 buds. 



cleft, cut into lobes. 



comose, bearing a tuft of hairs. 



commissure see page 276. 



connate, united or grown together. 



connivent, converging. 



convolute, rolled up lengthwise. 



cordate, heart-shaped. 



coriaceous, leathery in texture. 



corm, a solid bulb. 



cornute, horned. 



corolla, the inner set of perianth 

 leaves. 



corona, a crown. 



corymb, a flat or convex flower-clus- 

 ter. 



corymbose, in corymbs. 



costa, a rib. 



cotyledons, the seed-leaves. 



creeping, growing flat on the ground 

 and rooting. 



crenate, with rounded teeth. 



cruciate, cross-shaped. 



cucullate, hood-shaped or hooded. 



culm, the stem of grasses or sedges. 



cuneate, wedge-shaped. 



cuspidate, tipped with a sharp stiff 

 point. 



cyme, a cluster of centrifugal inflor- 

 escence. 



cymose, with cymes. 



deciduous, falling off. 



decompound, several times com- 

 pound. 



decumbent, reclined on the ground, 

 the summit tending to rise. 



decurrent, prolonged on the stem be- 

 neath the insertion. 



decussate, arranged in pairs, which 

 successively cross each other. 



dehiscence, the regular splitting open 

 of a capsule or anther. 



dentate, toothed, the teeth pointing 

 outward. 



diadelphous see page 204. 



dichotomous, 2-forked. 



