172 CALOCHORTACEAE 



flowers usually 2; petals obovate, about 4 cm. long; stamens tapering upwards, 

 but obtuse; very variable in coloration and hairiness of the petals. C. cyaneus, 

 C. bruneaunis, and C. maculosus A. Nels. Sage-brush plains: B.C. Mont. 

 Ida. Ore. Plain Submont. Je Jl. 



6. C. acuminatus Rydb. A low plant, 2-3 dm. high, bearing a bulblet 

 2-4 cm. above the bulb; leaves very narrow, involute and curved, 3-15 cm. long; 

 flowers 1-2; petals obovate, about 3 cm. long; gland broadly oblong; anthers 

 gradually tapering upwards, obtuse. On dry hillsides: Mont. -Utah Colo. 

 Submont. Mont. Je-Au. 



7. C. Gunnisonii S. Wats. A strict plant, 2-5 dm. high, without bulblet; 

 leaves several, slender, mostly involute, 5-15 cm. long; flowers 1-2; petals broadly 

 cuneate-obovate, 2-4 cm. long, white or cream-colored, tinged and streaked with 

 purple, yellow and purple-dotted around the gland; capsule narrowed at both 

 ends, about 3 cm. long. In meadows: (Black Hills) S.D. N.M. Ariz. Ida. 

 Submont. -Mont. My-Jl. 



8. C. Nuttallii Torr. & Gray. A strict plant, similar to the preceding, 

 2-5 dm. high, but with a bulblet borne in the axil of the lowest leaf, 1-4 cm. 

 above the bulb; leaves and flowers resembling those of the preceding, but petals 

 often narrower, and sometimes acutish; capsule tapering at both ends. C. Wat- 

 soni M. E. Jones. Dry hiUsides: (Black Hills) S.D.N.M. Calif. Wash. 

 Submont. Mont. My-Jl. 



9. C. flexuosus S. Wats. A decumbent or ascending, more or less flexuose 

 and branched plant; leaves several, the lowest 1-2 dm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, the 

 rest short, about 5 cm. long, acuminate; flowers several; petals broadly cuneate- 

 obovate, 2.5-3 cm. long, white with yellow base; gland orbicular. In dry places: 

 s Utah Calif. Ariz. L. Son. Je. 



10. C. aureus S. Wats. Low plant, 1-2 dm. high, 1-4-flowered; leaves 

 7-10 cm. long; bracts lance-linear, attenuate, scarious margined; sepals greenish 

 yellow, lanceolate, purple-blotched; petals broadly cuneate, about 3 cm. long, 

 bright yellow, with a circular densely hairy gland near the base, and a purplish 

 lunate spot above; capsule narrowly oblong. Sand-cliffs: s Utah Ariz. N.M. 

 L. Son. Ap-Je. 



Family 25. TRILLIACEAE. TRILLIUM FAMILY. 



Perennial caulescent or scapose herbs, with rootstocks. Leaves and bracts 

 whorled, broad and often netted-veiaed. Flowers perfect, solitary, terminal, 

 or in terminal umbels. Sepals 3 (or in exotic genera 4), green, distinct; 

 petals of the same number, in ours white or purplish. Stamens 6-8; fila- 

 ments short. Gynoecium of 3 or 4 united carpels; ovary 3- or 4-celled; 

 stigmas sessile. Fruit a 3- or 4-celled, lobed berry. 



1. TRILLIUM L. WAKE-ROBIN, BIRTH-ROOT. 



Fleshy herbs, with short stout rootstocks and a whorl of 3, netted-veined, 

 leaves near the end of the scape. Flowers solitary, 3-merous, pedicelled or sessile. 

 Sepals persistent. Petals early withering or deciduous, white or purple. 



Flowers sessile; leaves long-petioled ; blades rounded. 1. T. petiolatum. 



Flowers peduncled; leaves subsessile, rhombic. 2. T. ovatum. 



1. T. petiolatum Pursh. Rootstock corm-like; stem 1-2 dm. high; petioles 

 3-6 cm. long; leaf-blades 7-10 cm. long and 6-10 cm. wide; sepals 3-4.5 cm. long, 

 linear-lanceolate; petals dark purple, linear-oblanceolate, slightly exceeding the 

 sepals. Rich hillsides and copses: Wash. Ida. Ore. Son. Submont. Ap- 

 My. 



2. T. ovatum Pursh. Rootstock corm-like; stem 3-4 dm. high; leaves 

 acuminate, 7-12 cm. long, 4-8 cm. wide; pedicels 4-5 cm. long, slender; sepals 

 linear-lanceolate, 2.5-4 cm. long; petals somewhat longer, obovate to narrowly 

 lanceolate, pink or white, turning purple. T. Scouleri Rydb. T. crassifolium 

 Piper. Woods: B.C. Mont. Colo. Calif. Submont. Mont. Mr-Jl. 



