ORCHIS FAMILY 177 



Leaves unfolding before or with the flowers. 

 Lip flat; flowers racemed. 



Leaves cauline; column short; pollinia clavate. 



14. MALAXIB. 

 Leaves basal; column elongated; pollinia globose. 



15. LIPARIS. 

 Lip saccate; flower solitary. 16. CYTHEREA. 



Leaf l, unfolding after the flowering time. 17. APLECTRUM 



Plants with coralloid roots, bulbless; leaves reduced to scales. 



18. CORALLORRHIZA. 



1. CRIOSANTHES Raf. RAM'S-HEAD, RAM'S-HEAD LADIES' SLIPPER. 



Perennial caulescent herbs, with rootstocks. Leaves sessile, alternate, 

 several-veined, plaited. Flowers solitary, terminal. Sepals 3, distinct, spread- 

 ing. Lateral petals narrow, spreading. Lips saccate, obtuse- conic, with the 

 margin incurved, forming a rounded opening. 



1. C. arietinum (R. Br.) House. Stem 2-3 dm. high, 1-flowered; leaves 3 or 

 4, elliptic or lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long; sepals lanceolate, 15-20 mm. long, brown- 

 ish; petals linear, greenish brown, about as long; lip about 1.5 cm. long, white, 

 veined and variegated with red. Cypripedium arietinum R. Br. Cold damp 

 woods: Que. N.Y. Minn. Sask. Boreal. My-Au. 



2. CYPRIPEDIUM L. LADIES' SLIPPER. 



Caulescent herbs, with, rootstocks and fibrous roots. Leaves sessile, several- 

 nerved, plaited. Flowers solitary or several in a terminal raceme. Sepals 3, 

 the lateral two united under the lip. Lateral petals narrow, spreading. Lip 

 conspicuous, an inflated round sack, with rounded opening, the margins incurved. 

 Column declined, glabrous, bearing a fertile anther on each side, and a petalloid 

 sterile stamen above, arching over the style. Pollen pulpy or granular, without 

 tails or glands. Stigma terminal, broadest at the base. Capsule ribbed. 



Leaves alternate; flowers solitary, terminal, or also several singly in the axils of the 



upper leaves. 



Sepals obovate to broadly obovate or oval, not longer than the lip; sterile stamen 

 elliptic-cordate. 1. C. passerinum. 



Sepals lanceolate, attenuate, often longer than the lip. 



Lip white, purple- veined ; sterile stamen ovate or obovate. 2. C. monianum. 



Lip yellow; sterile stamen triangular, yellow and purple-spotted. 



Lip 2-2.5 cm. long, broader than deep; lower sepal narrower than the upper 



one, exceeding the lip. 3. C. parviflorum. 



Lip 3-4 cm. long, deeper than broad ; lower sepal fully as broad as the upper 



one or broader, usually shorter than the lip. 4. C. veganum. 



Leaves 2, opposite or nearly so; flowers usually several in a contracted bracted spike. 



5. C. Knightae. 



1. C. passerinum Richards. Stem 1-2.5 dm. high, often retrorsel> villous; 

 leaves oval to lanceolate, 5-10 dm. long, more or less viscid- villous; flowers 1-3; 

 sepals 11.5 cm. long, the lower one slightly 2-cleft; petals oblong, obtuse, about 

 1.5 cm. long; lip about 1.5 cm. long, obovate, white, with purple spots inside. 

 Pine woods: Ont. Alta. B.C. Alaska Mack. Boreal -Mont. Je-Jl. 



2. C. montanum Dougl. Stem 3-5 dm. high, roughly glandular-puberu- 

 lent, 1-3-flowered; leaves oval to lanceolate, 7-15 cm. long, roughly glandular- 

 puberulent; sepals linear-lanceolate, 4-5 cm. long, greenish brown; petals nar- 

 rowly linear-lanceolate; lip 2.5-3 cm. long. Open woods: B.C. -Calif. Wyo. 

 Sask. Submont. Je-Jl. 



3. C. parviflorum Salisb. Stem 2-6 dm. high, leafy, glandular-puberulent, 

 usually 1-flowered; leaves oval to broadly lanceolate, often acuminate, 5-12 cm. 

 long, puberulent; upper sepal lanceolate, acuminate, about 3 cm. long and 1 cm. 

 wide; petals narrowly linear-lanceolate, longer than the sepals. Woods: Newf. 

 Ga. Colo. B.C. Plain Submont. My-Jl. 



4. C. veganum Cockerell. Stem about 3 dm. high, leafy, puberulent, 1- 

 flowered; leaves broadly lanceolate, acuminate, 8-13 cm. long; sepals lanceolate, 

 3-4.5 cm. long; petals linear-lanceolate, 4.5-5.5 cm. long. Canons: N.M. Colo. 

 Submont. Je Jl. 



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