812 CAPRIFOLIACEAE 



1. V. Opulus L. Shrub sometimes 3.5 m. high; leaves glabrous or nearly 

 so above, more or less pubescent on the veins beneath, deeply 3-lobed, rounded 

 or truncate at the base, the lobes divergent, long-acuminate, coarsely toothed; 

 cyme peduncled, flat-topped, the exterior neutral flowers 1-2 cm. broad; fruit 

 globose, red, very acid, 8-10 mm. in diameter; stone flat, orbicular, not grooved. 

 Low places: N.B. N.J. Ore. B.C.; Eurasia. Submont. Je-Jl. 



2. V. pauciflorum Pylaie. Shrub 1-2 m. high, leaves 3-5-ribbed, truncate 

 or cordate at the base, more or less pubescent, 4-10 cm. broad, generally with 3 

 shallow lobes, these acute or short-acuminate, coarsely dentate; cyme rather 

 few-flowered, short-rayed, 1-3 cm. broad; drupe round or ovoid, 8-10 mm. long; 

 stone flat, orbicular, scarcely grooved. Woods: Newf. Pa. Colo. Alaska. 

 Submont. Je-Jl. 



3. V. pubescens (Ait.) Pursh. Shrub 5-15 dm. high, with gray branches; 

 leaves ovate, acute or acuminate, rounded or subcordate at the base, 3-8 cm. 

 long, velvety pubescent beneath; cymes 3-7 cm. broad; drupe nearly black, 8 

 mm. long; stone 2-grooved on the faces. Rocky woods: N.B. Ga. la. 

 (? Wyo.) Man. Je-Jl. 



4. V. Lentago L. Bush or small tree, sometimes 10 m. high; leaf -blades 

 ovate, 4-10 cm. long, glabrous or slightly pubescent beneath, sharply serrulate, 

 mostly rounded at the base and acuminate at the apex; cyme broad, sessile, 5-12 

 cm. in diameter; drupe oval, sweet, bluish black, with a bloom, 10-14 mm. 

 long; stone flat, circular or oval. NANNY-BERRY. In rich soil, in woods and 

 along streams: Me. Ga. Colo. Man. Submont. My. 



3. LINNAEA (Gronov.) L. TWIN-FLOWER. 



Trailing or creeping evergreen, with slender branches, and opposite petioled 

 leaves. Flowers pink or purplish, borne in pairs at the end of long terminal 

 peduncles. Hypanthium ovoid. Calyx-teeth 5, subulate-lanceolate, deciduous 

 in fruit. Corolla funnelform, almost regular, not gibbous at the base; limb 

 5-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous, included. Ovary 3-celled; two of the cells 

 with several abortive ovules, the third with a single perfect ovule; style slender, 

 exserted; stigma capitate. Fruit coriaceous, 3-celled, but 1-seeded. 



Calyx-lobes about 2 mm. long; leaves round, oval, or orbicular. 1. L. americana. 



Calyx-lobes about 4 mm. long; leaves of the fertile shoots mostly broadly obovate-spatu- 

 late. 2. L. longiflora. 



1. L. americana Forbes. Stem trailing, with pubescent branches; leaves 

 somewhat coriaceous; blade round, oval, or orbicular, 8-15 mm. in diameter, 

 generally crenate above the middle; peduncles slender, often 1 dm. long; bracts 

 and bractlets linear-subulate; calyx-lobes lance-linear, not longer than the ovary; 

 corolla rose-colored, fragrant, about 1 cm. long, funnelform. L. borealis Am. auth., 

 not L. In cold woods: Greenl. N.J. Mich. Colo. Alaska. Submont. Sub- 

 alp. Je-Au. 



2. L. longiflora (Torr.) Howell. Stem 3-6 dm. long; leaves of the flowering 

 shoots generally more elongate, broadly ovate or spatulate, 1-2.5 cm. long and 

 1-2 cm. wide; sepals linear-subulate, 4 mm. long, much longer than the ovary; 

 corolla generally longer, often 12-13 mm. in length. L. borealis longiflora Torr. 

 Woods: Alaska Ida. Calif.; e Asia. 



4. SYMPHORICARPOS (Dill.) Ludw. CORAL-BERRY, SNOW-BERRY, 

 WOLF-BERRY, STAG-BERRY. 



Shrubs, with opposite short-petioled leaves and white or pink flowers in 

 small terminal or axillary clusters. Hypanthium globose or ellipsoid. Calyx- 

 teeth 4-5. Corolla from open-campanulate to salverform, regular, rarely slightly 

 gibbous at the base, 4-5-jobed. Stamens 4-5, adnate to the corolla. Ovary 

 4-celled; two of the cells with several abortive ovules, the other two each with a 

 single pendulous ovule; style filiform; stigma capitate. Fruit a globose or ovoid 

 4-celled, but only 2-seeded berry. 



