862 CARDUACEAE 



1. P. subsquarrosa Greene. Stems several, more or less decumbent, 1-2.5 

 dm. high, canescent-tomentulose; leaves petioled; blades lanceolate, conspicu- 

 ously spinulose-serrate; involucres about 2 cm. high, narrowly campanulate; outer 

 bracts linear-lanceolate, spinulose-serrate, the inner spatulate, subscarious-mar- 

 gined and with a recurved cusp. Mountains: Wyo. Mont. 



2. P. carthamoides Hook. Stems 2-4 dm. high, strict, more or less villous- 

 puberulent; leaf-blades oblanceolate, or the upper linear, mostly spinulose-den- 

 tate, puberulent; bracts in 3 or 4 series, of the same height or the outer longer, 

 18-20 mm. long, acute or acuminate; pappus tawny or reddish. Aplopappus 

 carthamoides A. Gray. Dry prairies: Alta. Mont. Ore. B.C. Jl-S. 



3. P. rigida Rydb. Stems 1-3, erect or ascending, finely pubescent when 

 young, glabrate in age, 2-4 dm. high; leaves pale bluish green, firm, oblanceolate, 

 acute, finely puberulent, or glabrate; heads 15-20 mm. high; bracts very firm, 

 imbricate in 3-4 series, acute or mucronate. Sandy places and meadows: Mont. 

 Ida. Wash. Son. Submont. Jl-Au. 



4. P. erythropappa Rydb. Stems 1.5-3 dm. high, with 1-4 heads; stem- 

 leaves 3-6 cm. long, firm, subsessile", finely pubescent, or glabrate on the upper 

 surface; heads very short peduncled, 10-15 mm. high; bracts imbricate in 4-5 

 series, pubescent, broadly oval or oblong, obtuse, mucronate, or the outer acute. 

 Plains: Ida. Son. 



5. P. Cusickii (A. Gray) Greene. Stem 1-2 dm. high, ascending or de- 

 cumbent, puberulent; leaf -blades spatulate or oblanceolate, glaucous and puberu- 

 lent, short-petioled, entire or sparingly spinulose-dentate; heads solitary, about 

 15 mm. high, 10-15 mm. broad; bracts in about 3 series, of nearly the same length. 

 Aplopappus carthamoides Cusickii A. Gray. Stony places: Ore. Ida. Je-Jl. 



6. P. crocea (A. Gray) Greene. Stems 3-6 dm. high, sparingly villous 

 above; lower leaves petioled, 1-2 dm. long; blades spatulate, firm, glabrous; 

 upper stem-leaves lanceolate and sessile; heads few; involucres 18-20 mm. high; 

 ligules 2 cm. long, orange. A. croceus A. Gray. Mountains: Wyo. N.M. e 

 Utah. Submont. Jl-Au. 



7. P. insecticruris (Renders.) Heller. Stems 3-4 dm. high, more or less 

 villous; basal leaves 8-10 cm. long, almost glabrous or villous on the midrib, 

 sinuately serrate, oblanceolate; upper stem-leaves lanceolate or oblong, saliently 

 serrate; heads 2-3 cm. wide; bracts loose, linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate; 

 ligules 1.5 cm. long. Aplopappus insecticruris Henders. P. pratensis Greene. 

 Stony ground: Ida. Son. Jl. 



8. P. dementis Rydb. Stems more or less villous, ascending or decumbent, 

 1-4 dm. high; lower stem-leaves linear-oblong, about 1 dm. long, glabrous except 

 the ciliate margins, saliently dentate, the upper lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate; 

 heads solitary; disk 2.5-3 cm. broad; outer bracts almost equalling the inner; 

 ligules 10-12 mm. long, bright yellow. P. calendulacea and P. subcaesia Greene. 

 (0 P. cheiranthifolia Greene, a depauperate form. Mountains: Wyo. Colo. 

 Utah. Submont. Alp. Je-Au. 



9. P. villosa Rydb. Stems 1-3, ascending, 1-1.5 dm. high; basal leaves ob- 

 lanceolate, 7-10 cm. long, somewhat glaucous and rigid, entire-margined or oc- 

 casionally slightly spinulose-denticulate; stem-leaves linear-lanceolate, 2-4 cm. 

 long; heads solitary; disk about 2 cm. broad; outer bracts fully as long as the 

 inner; ligules about 1 cm. long. Mountains: Wyo. Mont. Au. 



10. P. lapathifolia Greene. Stems several, 5-6 dm. high, reddish, some- 

 what villous above; basal leaves 1.5-2 dm. long, petioled; blades broadly lance- 

 olate, olten rounded, truncate or subcordate at base, light green and glabrous; 

 caulme leaves lanceolate, sessile and dentate; heads rather numerous, corymbose; 

 involucre 2-25 cm. broad; bracts narrowly linear, slightly villous; ligules 6 mm. 

 long. Dry places: Utah. 



*u ' F" in ^ e ^ ifolia (Porter) Greene. Stems 1-4 dm. high, ascending or de- 



umbent at the base; lower leaves oblanceolate, 1-2 dm. long; entire, glabrous, 



trie upper linear or linear-lanceolate, sessile; heads solitary or few; involucres 



.8 mm. high; outer bracts often equalling or exceeding the inner; ligules 12- 



