10 28 CICHORIACEAE 



ones at the base. Flowers yellow, seldom white or orange. Achenes cylindric, 

 not tapering towards the apex, truncate, 10-15-ribbed. Pappus of 1 or 2 series 

 of sordid or brownish, fragile capillary bristles. 



Involucres of the rather large heads irregularly more or less imbricate. 



Stem yellowish or whitish hirsute below. 1. H. columpianum. 



Stem glabrous or puberulent. 2. H. scabriusculum. 



Involucres of the rather small heads of an almost single series of principal bracts and 



small calyculate ones below. 

 Flowers yellow. 



Plant 4-10 dm. high, leafy. 



Involucres and peduncles densely hairy with long yellow hairs. 



3. H. albertinum. 

 Involucres blackish and glandular, without or with a few scattered yellow 



Involucres 8-10 mm. high, with scattered yellow hairs. 4. H. griseum. 

 Involucres 6-8 mm. high, without yellow hairs on the involucre or peduncles. 



5. H. cynoglossoides. 

 Plant low, 1-3 dm. high, with 1-3 stem-leaves and few heads. 



6. H. gracile. 

 Flowers white or ochroleucous. 7. H. albiflorum. 



1. H. columbianuxn Rydb. Stem about 6 dm. high, terete, more or less 

 tinged with purple; lower leaves oblanceolate, 8-10 cm. long, light green and 

 somewhat glaucous beneath, usually more or less silky-hirsute, sinuately dentate, 

 acute; middle leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, with rounded or obtuse bases, 

 sessile, the uppermost much reduced and bract-like; inflorescence corymbose- 

 cymose; heads 2-6; involucres 10-12 mm. high; bracts lanceolate, dark, puberu- 

 lent when young, glabrous in age. Marshy ground: Mont. Ida. Wash. B.C. 

 Submont. Jl-Au. 



2. H. scabriusculus Schwein. Stem erect, rather simple and strict, leafy; 

 lower leaves oblanceolate, the rest lanceolate, sessile, 3-8 cm. long, distantly 

 and acutely dentate, rather firm, paler beneath, scabrous-puberulent; heads 

 corymbose; involucres rounded-campanulate, 10-12 mm. high; bracts glabrous 

 or nearly so, usually blackish. H. macranthum Nutt. Open woods, hills, and 

 valleys: Man. Minn. Wis. Ore. B.C. Plain Submont. 



3. H. albertinum Farr. Stem 3-5 dm. high, villous with long white or 

 yellowish hairs from black papillae, or black-hairy above; leaves 5-12 cm. long, 

 the lower oblanceolate with winged petioles, the upper lance-linear to oblong- 

 lanceolate, densely long-hairy; heads paniculate; involucres 10-12 mm. high; 

 bracts long, narrowly lance-linear; pappus tawny. H. Scouleri A. Gray, not 

 Hook. Hills and woods : Alta. Utah Ore. Wash. Submont. Mont. Jl-Au. 



4. H. griseum Rydb. Stem 6-10 dm. high, covered with long white or 

 yellowish hairs from evident papillae; lower leaves linear-oblanceolate, the upper 

 oblong-linear or lance-linear, sessile, densely long-hairy; heads in a narrow panicle; 

 involucres about 1 cm. high; inner bracts linear-lanceolate, glandular, dark, and 

 at least when young beset with a few long hairs; pappus yellowish or tawny. 

 Hills, benchlands, and open woods: Alta. Wyo. Utah B.C. Submont. 

 Mont. Jl-Au. 



5. H. cynoglossoides Arvet-Touvet. Stem 3-5 dm. high, several-leaved, 

 hirsute throughout or glabrous above; lower leaves oblanceolate, rather sparingly 

 hirsute; upper leaves lanceolate, sessile, often glabrate; heads corymbose-panicu- 

 late; involucres campanulate, 8-10 mm. high, black; bracts proper narrowly 

 linear, densely glandular, but without long hairs; pappus tawny-white. Hills: 

 Mont. Wyo. Wash. B.C. Submont. Je-Au. 



6. H. gracile Hook. Stem 1-3 dm. high, often scape-like, puberulent or 

 glabrate, sometimes with a few hispid hairs, especially in the inflorescence; basal 



eaves obovate to oblong-spatulate, 2-7 cm. long, petioled, entire or repand- 

 ienticulate glabrous or nearly so; upper stem-leaves all small and bract-like; 

 heads usually few; involucres campanulate, 7-9 mm. high, usually densely black- 

 hirsute; pappus sordid or tawny. Mountains: Alta. N.M. Calif. Alaska. 

 Submont.Subalp. Je-Au. 



7. H. albiflorum Hook. Stem 3-6 dm. high, more or less leafy or in de- 

 pauperate specimens scapiform, long-hirsute below, glabrate above; basal leaves 



