Xii CONTENTS. 



Consequently Society is not only natural, but necessary . . 195 

 Menstruatic-i 196 



Chapter VIII. — Faculties of the Mind — Speech — Diseases. — 

 Recapitulation. 



Reason 197 



What it has enabled Man to accomplish — 



Speech 199 



Contrast presented by Animals 200 



Laughter and Weeping 202 



The Moral and Intellectual Distinctions betAveen Man and 

 Animals correspond to the Differences of Cerebral 



Structure 203 



Diseases j their Causes 205 



Diseases peculiar to Man — 



Characters of the Human Species recapitulated 207 



Sect. II. 

 ON THE VARIETIES OF THE HUMAN SPECIES. 



Chapter I. — Statement of the Subject. — Mode of Investigation — 

 The Questioyi cannot he settled from the Jewish Scriptures, nor 

 from other Historical Records. — The Meaning of Species and 

 Variety in Zoology ; Nature and Extent of Variation. — 

 Breeding, as a Criterion of Species. — Criterion of Analogy. 



Are all Mankind of one Species ? or do they belong to 



more than one ? 209 



The Point cannot be determined by a priori Arguments . . 210 



Nor from the Mosaic Account of the Creation 213 



The latter, in its Literal Sense, is incompatible with the 



Phenomena of Zoology 214 



Most Animals are confined to certain Spots — 



Particular Species and Genera are peculiar to certain 



Countries 215 



This holds good even of Marine Animals 217 



Other Difficulties — 



Whether all Mankind sprung from one or more Stocks 



cannot be determined by History — 



Zoological Acceptation of Species 224 



Causes of Variation 225 



