166 rECULlARITIES OF INTERNAL STRUCTURE. 



The second division will include the rest of the brain, 

 which may be considered as the seat of the mental 

 phenomena. 



In proportion, then, as any animal possesses a larger 

 share of the latter and more noble part — that is, in propor- 

 tion as the organ of reflection exceeds that of the external 

 senses — may we expect to find the powers of the mind more 

 diversified and more fully developed. In this point of view 

 man is decidedly pre-eminent: although in his senses and 

 common animal properties he holds only a middle rank, here 

 he surpasses all other animals that have been hitherto inves- 

 tigated : he is the first of living beings. " All the simise," 

 says this accomplished anatomist, " for I liave been fortu- 

 nate enough to procure specimens of tlie four principal divi- 

 sions, come after him ; for although the proportion of their 

 brain to the body, particularly in the small species with 

 prehensile tails, is equal to that of man, their very large 

 eyes, ears, tongue and jaws, require a much larger mass of 

 brain than the corresponding parts in the human subject ; 

 and if you remove this, the ratio of the brain to the body is 

 much diminished*. 



'' Animals of various kinds seem to me to possess a larger 

 or smaller quantity of this superabundant portion of brain, 

 according to the degree of their sagacity and docility. The 

 largest brain of a horse, which I possess, weighs one pound 

 seven ounces ; the smallest human brain that I have met 

 with in an adult, two pounds five ounces and a quarter. But 

 the nerves in the basis of the horse's brain are ten times 

 larger than in the other instance, although it weighs less by 

 fourteen ounces and a quarter. 



" But we are not hastily to conclude that the human 

 species have smaller nerves than any other animals. In 

 order that my ideas may be better understood, I shall state 

 the following imaginary case. Suppose the ball of the eye 



* BLU'NfFABACH has figured the brain of the ribbed-nose baboon or man- 

 drill (papio maimon), in the two first editions of his "work, De Gen. Hum. 

 Var. Nat. tab. I. fig. 1. The deviation from the human character in the size 

 of tlic nerves is verv strikins:. 



