ETHIOPIAN VARIETY. 313 



sonal liberty, we turn from the scene with indignation 

 and abhorrence. 



They who possess higher gifts should remember the con- 

 dition under which they are enjoyed : " From him to whom 

 much Is given, much will be expected.'* What a commen- 

 tary on this text is furnished by Negro slavery, as carried 

 on and permitted by religious nations, by Christian kings, 

 Catholic majesties, defenders of the faith, &c. ! 



In the two following varieties, the figure of the skull is 

 not so strongly characterized as in the three which have been 

 already considered. They form, indeed, two intermediate 

 gradations between the European and the Mongolian on 

 one side, and the African on the other. 



The fourth, or American, variety includes all the Ameri- 

 cans, excepting the inhabitants of the northern parts of the 

 continent, which I have placed in the Mongolian division. 



In this variety the cheeks are broad, but the malar bones 

 are more rounded and arched than in the Mongolian ', and 

 not expanded to such an extent on either side, nor possess- 

 ing such an angular form. The forehead is small and low; 

 the orbits deep ; and the nasal cavity, in many cases at least, 

 very large. The entire bony apparatus of the face is in 

 general much developed. 



Blumenbach has published several specimens, in which 

 the characters just enumerated are exemplified. Tab. 9. is 

 the head of a North- American savage executed for murder 

 at Philadelphia. It is remarkable for the flatness and de- 

 pression of the vertex, the developement of the region above 

 the ear, and the great size of the olfactory apparatus. Blu- 

 menbach considers that the latter circumstance explains 

 the anecdotes related by travellers of their extraordinary 

 acuteness in the sense of smelling. 



The form of this skull entirely agrees with the engraved 

 portraits of eight Cherokee Indians *, all of whom have pro- 

 minent cheeks, and the upper part of the skull depressed. 



* There is an engraving, by Basire, of seven; Lond. 1730. Thayen- 

 DANEEGA, a chief of the Six Nations, is represented in an engraving by Siiith, 

 from a painting by Romney, 1779. 



