348 VARIKTIKS OF PROPORTION I 



In the first Section, Chap. V. I have pointed out a dif- 

 ference between the structure of the human subject, and 

 that of the monkey, in the relative length of the arm and 

 fore-arm. The latter is always the shortest in man ; while 

 the two are equal in our near neighbours, or the fore-arm is 

 even tlie longest. The Negro holds, in this respect, a middle 

 place, about equidistant from Europeans and monkeys. 

 " I measured," says Mr. White, " the arms of about fifty 

 Negroes, men, women, and children, born in very differ- 

 ent climates, and found the lower-arm longer than in Eu- 

 ropeans, in proportion to the upper-arm and to the height 

 of the body. The first Negro on the list is one in the Lu- 

 natic Hospital at Liverpool: his fore-arm measures 12 J* 

 inches, and his stature is only 5 feet 10^ inches. I have 

 measured a great number of white people, from that size 

 up to 6 feet 4^ inches, and, among them, one who was 

 said to have the longest arms of any man in England ; but 

 none of them had a fore-arm equal to that of tlie black 

 lunatic. 



" I have measured the arms of a great number of Euro- 

 pean skeletons, and have found that the os humeri or upper 

 arm exceeds in length the ulna, which is the longer bone of 

 the fore-armj by 2 or 3 inches ; in none by less than 2, in 

 one by not less than 6i inches. In my Negro skeleton the 

 OS humeri is only la inch longer than the ulna. In Dr. 

 Tyson's pigmy, the os humeri and ulna were of the same 

 length ; and in my skeleton of a common monkey the ulna 

 is f of an inch longer than the os humeri f." 



Of a Negro skeleton in the very valuable collection of 

 Mr. Langstaff, the entire height is 5 feet 7| inches : the 

 humerus measures 12 J inches, the ulna 11|. In the indi- 

 vidual mentioned at p. 312, the upper-arm was 13 inches, 

 the ulna 11^. 



* The ulna of the ^^iant in the College Museum is only one inch longer 

 than this. See page 1 84. 



f White on the Regular Gradation; p. 52, and foilowin-. See also the 

 tables, pp. 45 and 46. 



