DIFFERENCKS IN MORAL QUALlTlliS. 407 



The causes of these diversities, and the relations between 

 the form and structure of the brain, the appetites, sentiments, 

 moral and intellectual character, of the several human races, 

 and the genius of their languages, are important subjects 

 for future inquiry. It will be sufficient to assert, in refer- 

 ence to the present subject, that no difference of language 

 hitherto observed, affords any argument against unity of 

 the species. We can have no difficulty in arriving at this 

 conclusion, when we find, as in America, numerous com- 

 pletely distinct tongues in the several families of one great, 

 and, in all essential points, uniform race ; and when we 

 discover, moreover, so strong a contrast as that which the 

 monosyllabic languages of Asia and the complicated long 

 words of so many American languages present, in nations 

 whose organic traits are so similar. 



CHAPTER VIII. 



Diferences in Moral and Intellectual Qualities. 



After surveying and describing the diversities of bodily 

 formation exhibited in the various races of men, and allud- 

 ing to a few physiological distinctions, we naturally proceed 

 to a review of their moral and intellectual characters, to exa- 

 mine whether the latter exhibit such peculiarities as the nu- 

 merous modifications of physical structure lead us to expect ; 

 whether the appetites and propensities, the moral feelings 

 and dispositions, and the capabilities of knowledge and re- 

 flection, are the same in all, or as different as the cerebral 

 organs, of which they are the functions* ? If the physical 



* See Lecture iv. p. 97 and following, on the Functions of the Brain ; 

 Section i. Chap. iv. on the Characters of the Human Head; Chap. vi. on 

 the Structure of the Brain ; and CnAp.vii. on the Mental Faculties of Man, 



