FIG. 17. Raja nasuta. ^The venous system, ventral aspect (one- 

 third nat. size). 



The portal vein is not shown ; the renal portal vein (r.p} is supposed 

 to be removed on the right side (left in the figure), and the femoral 

 (ftri), ilio-hsemorrhoidal (il.h), &c., veins as well as part of the car- 

 dinal (cd) on the left. The right precaval sinus (pc.s) is cut open, 

 so as to show the apertures in its walls. The outlines of those portions 

 of the auricle (au) and sinus venosus (s.v) which lie behind (dorsal 

 to) the ventricle (z/), are dotted. 



ab, veins from abdominal walls : au, auricle : b.a, bulbus anteriosus : 

 br, brachial vein : c, caudal vein : c.a, conus arteriosus : cd, cardinal 

 vein : cd.', posterior anastomosis of cardinal veins : cd.s, cardinal sinus : 

 epg, epigastric vein : fm, femoral vein : h.s, hepatic sinus : hce, hsemor- 

 rhoidal veins : il.h, ilio-hsemorrhoidal vein : i.ju, inferior jugular 

 vein : ju, jugular vein : ly, opening of lymphatic trunk into precaval 

 sinus : pc.s, precaval sinus : r.p, renal portal vein : r.p', factors of 

 renal portal vein from pelvic and lumbar regions : r.p", branches of 

 renal portal veins entering kidney : sp.s, spermatic sinus : s.v, sinus 

 venosus : v, ventricle. 



