50 CROONIAN LECTURES 



into lions and alligators, and then return again 

 to their own bodies. 



Thus, then, in Hindustan, Egypt, and China, 

 and among the wild tribes of New Zealand and 

 Africa, the idea of the separation between body 

 and spirit was distinctly held. The spirit of 

 the deceased ancestor was believed to linger 

 for a certain period near the place of burial, 

 and to be pleased or displeased by the offerings 

 made to it. After a time, it began to pass 

 through the different forms of matter to which 

 it was to be temporarily attached. 



At the time of the revival of knowledge, the 

 perfect separation of the ideas of life and body 

 prevailed universally. 



Thus Yan Helmont considered that the body 

 contained a presiding spirit or archseus. 



Paracelsus considered this archdeus lived in 

 the stomach. 



Stahl taught that the body, as body, has no 

 power to move itself, but must be always put 

 into motion by an immaterial substance. The 

 cause of all activity, he said, was an imma- 

 terial being, which he called the soul. 



Harvey (ed. 1766, p. 294) has a chapter 

 headed " Ovum non esse opus uteri sed animre." 



