FOODS, FOOD-STUFFS, AND FOOD-ADJUNCTS. 39 



pods, or legumes, of Phaseolus vulgaris, L., a native 

 of India, cultivated in this country since the end of 

 the sixteenth century, and also extensively on the 

 Continent and in America. Its ripe seeds, known as 

 Haricots or Haricot Beans, are largely used for food 

 in France, but less so with us. 



The SCARLET- RUNNER BEAN is the unripe pod of 

 Phaseolus multiflorus, Willd., believed to be a native of 

 Mexico, the ripe seeds of which are unwholesome. 



LENTILS are richer in casein than either peas or 

 beans, containing 24 per cent. REVALENTA, or 

 Ervalenta, an invalid food, introduced about 1845, 

 and sold at high prices, consists mainly of the meal 

 of Lentils (Lens esculenta, Mcench).* Lentils them- 

 selves have a small sale in England considering their 

 high nutritive value. The smaller ' Egyptian ' species 

 is used mainly as a cattle-food. 



CHICK-PEAS, or Gram (Cicer arietinum, L.), are 

 occasionally imported and used, it is alleged, to 

 adulterate Coffee. 



GROUND-NUTS, Monkey-nuts, Earth-nuts, or Pea- 

 nuts, the subterranean fruits of Arachis hypogcea, L., 

 largely grown in the tropics, formerly only occasion- 

 ally imported, are now regularly so. They are eaten 

 largely by poor children here as ' monkey-nuts,' and 

 in America in ' pea-nut candy/ They yield as much 

 as 50 per cent, of a bland oil, used in India as a 

 substitute for olive or for gingelly oil, and in Europe, 

 since 1840, in soap-making, pomades, cold cream, etc. 

 The oil sells at 2os. to 303. per tun, and the kernels 



* 'Pharm. Journ.,' iv (1845), 4*55 viii (1848), 30; x (1850), 

 64, 309- 



