58 THE USES OF PLANTS. 



glomerate^ and crispd) are largely grown in Mid- Kent. 

 The Filberts are characterized by the long husk, 

 which entirely encloses the nut. Many thousand 

 bushels are annually imported as ' Barcelona nuts ' 

 from Tarragona. They belong to the varieties Barce- 

 lonensis, oyata, pumila, and variegata.. TURKEY NUTS 

 (C. Columdy L.), imported from Smyrna, are a distinct 

 species. The oil of the nut is valuable to watch- 

 makers and artists. 



The WALNUT (Juglans regia, L.), native of the 

 Himalayas, Persia, and the Caucasus, now grown 

 throughout temperate Europe, is eaten unripe as a 

 pickle, and is imported, mainly from Germany and 

 the South of France, to the extent of several 

 thousand bushels annually, partly for oil, but mainly 

 as a dessert fruit. The 'marc,' or cake, after the 

 expression of the oil, forms a valuable cattle-food 

 used in North Italy. The timber of the tree is 

 valuable, as is that of allied species, and other 

 members of the order Juglandece, such as : 



The HlCKORY-NUTS (Carya a^a^utt.^nd C.tomen- 

 to0,Nutt.) and PECCAN-NUTS (C. olivaformis, Nutt.). 

 These American nuts are not imported in large 

 quantities ; whilst the BUTTER-NUT (Juglans cinerea, 

 Michx.) and the HOG-NUT (Carya porcina, Nutt.) of 

 Canada are still more rarely seen in trade. The 

 Peccan-nut comes mainly from New Orleans. 



BRAZIL-NUTS, or Castanhas (the seeds of Berthol- 



letia excelsa, H. B.) have long been largely imported 



from Para, not only as food, but as yielding a fine 



sweet oil.* About twenty-four of these seeds are 



* John Miers, ' Pharm. Journ.,' v (1875), P- 7 26 - 



