66 THE USES OF PLANTS. 



with articles of food containing sugar) with the 

 flavourers. NUTMEGS are the seeds of Myristica 

 fragrans, Houttuyn, a beautiful tree of the Molucca 

 Islands, of which about 250 tons are annually im- 

 ported. Other species are now used for soap-making. 

 MACE, also used as a spice, is the fleshy ' aril/ or outer 

 coat, of the Nutmeg, and, when fresh, is scarlet. 



ALLSPICE, or PIMENTO, is the dry berry of Pimento, 

 officinalis, Lindl. (Myrtus Pimenta, L., Eugenia 

 Pimenta, DC.), a West Indian evergreen-tree, of 

 which we import about 2,000 tons annually from 

 Jamaica. An aromatic oil is distilled from it ; and 

 from an allied species (P. acris, Wight) OIL OF BAY, 

 used in the United States in the manufacture of the 

 perfume known as Bay Rum, is obtained. 



CLOVES are the dried flower-buds of an allied 

 Myrtaceous plant, Eugenia caryopkyllata, Thunberg 

 (CaryopJiyllus aromaticus, L.), the inferior dry fruits of 

 which are imported as MOTHER CLOVES. A native 

 of the Moluccas, this spice is now largely imported 

 from Penang, from Zanzibar, and from the West 

 Indies. To the order Umbelliferae belong the Cara- 

 way, the Coriander, and the Angelica. The CARAWAY, 

 the ripe fruit, or rather half-fruit (' mericarp ') of 

 Carum Cartii, L., is grown in Kent, Essex, and in 

 the North of Europe, about 1,000 tons being imported, 

 mainly from Holland. 



The CORIANDER, the whole fruit of Coriandrum 

 sativum, L., is also cultivated to a small extent in 

 Essex, but is obtained mainly from the Mediter- 

 ranean and from India. 



The fruits of ANGELICA (Angelica Archangelica, L.) 



