MATERIA MEDICA. 75 



less collection with other Alpine species. A.ferox is 

 now regularly imported.* 



Cimicifuga racemosa, Elliott, ' BLACK COHOSH,' 

 * Bugbane,' a native of North America, has been used 

 here, chiefly in rheumatism, as tincture, since about 



i86o.t 



Xanthorhiza apiifolia, Willd., of North America, is 

 in repute there as a tonic, both root and wood being 



used.J 



MAGNOLIACE^. 



Drimys Winteri, Forster, 'WINTER'S BARK,' the 

 bark of a South American tree, discovered in 1578 

 by Captain Winter, the companion of Drake, and 

 used by him as an antiscorbutic, is now used mainly 

 in Brazil as a tonic in cases of diarrhcea. 



Illicium anisatum, Loureiro, ' STAR ANISE,' to 

 which reference has already been made, seems to 

 have come into use as a source of a flavouring oil, 

 not used here as medicine, about 1842. Coming 

 from China overland, it was once known as ' Anis de 

 Siberie.'H 



The seeds of Magnolia Yulan, Desf., have a repu- 

 tation as a febrifuge, and the bark of Liriodendron 

 tulipifera, L., is used as a stimulant tonic in America. 



MENISPERMACEyE. 



The researches of Messrs. Fluckiger and Hanbury 

 have done much to clear up the origin of the drugs 



* * Pharmacog.,' p. 9 ; Bentley and Trimen, pi. 5, 6. 

 f Bentley, ' Pharm. Journ.,' ii (1861), p. 460. 

 % Ibid., iv (1862), p. 12 ; Bentley and Trimen, pi. 9. 

 ' Pharmacographia,' pp. 17-20. 



|| Bentley and Trimen, ' Medicinal Plants,' pi. 10 ; ' Pharmaco- 

 graphia,' p. 21. 



