MATERIA MEDICA. 91 



C. Fistula, L., now largely grown in the West Indies, 

 is the mild laxative PURGING CASSIA.* 



Cassia occidentalis, L., ' Cafe Nigre/ or NEGRO- 

 COFFEE, already mentioned (p. 72, supra], is said to 

 be a febrifuge. f 



Tamar Indus indica, L., the TAMARIND, a large tree, 

 native of the tropical regions of the Old World, but 

 cultivated largely in the West Indies, has a pulpy 

 interior to its pods, which is mildly laxative. The 

 Brown or Red Tamarinds of the West Indies come 

 over preserved in syrup ; the Black Tamarinds of the 

 East Indies, without sugar or syrup.J 



Copaifera Lansdorffi, Desf., of Brazil, C. officinalis, 

 L., of Central America, C. Martii, Hayne, of Guiana, 

 and C. guianensis, Desf., are the sources of the oleo- 

 resin known as BALSAM OF COPAIBA. 



Hardwickia pinnata, Roxb., a nearly allied large 

 tree of Southern India, yields an oleo-resin used for 

 Copaiba. || 



Erythrophlceuni guineense, Don, is the 'Sassy Bark/ 

 ' Mancona/ or ' Casca/ recently recommended in dis- 

 eases of the heart and lungs. The tree is a native of 

 Sierra Leone, and the bark is used in native ordeals.H 



The gums derived from the genus Acacia, and the 

 astringent Cutch extracted from its duramen, are 

 mentioned in the sequel. 



* ' Pharmacographia,' pp. 195-7; ' Kew Museum Guide,' 

 p. 49 ; Bentley and Trimen, ii, pi. 87. 



t Christy, ' New Commercial Plants, 7 No. 8, p. 40. 



t 'Pharmacographia,' pp. 197-200; Bentley and Trimen, ii, 

 pi. 92. 



Bentley and Trimen, ii, pi. 93 ; ' Kew Museum Guide/ p. 52. 

 * Pharmacographia,' p. 205. 



If LauderBrunton/ Lancet,' December 2, 1876; June 26, 1880. 



