ioo THE USES OF PLANTS. 



from 20 to 40 feet high, growing wild on the Andes 

 at altitudes of from 2,500 to 7,500 feet 



Remijia Purdieana, Willd., and R. pedunculata, 

 Trian., from Colombia, have of late years been im- 

 ported in enormous quantities as sources of quinine 

 etc.,* under the name of CUPREA BARK. 



IPECACUANHA, the root of a small Brazilian shrub, 

 Cephaelis Ipecacuanha, A. Richard, a useful emetic, 

 and the only known specific for dysentery, was intro- 

 duced into Europe in 1672. We import about 

 65,000 lb., valued at nearly 15,000, annually. The 

 plant has been introduced into Northern India from 

 the Edinburgh Botanic Garden since i866.f Mention 

 may here be made of the Violaceous lonidium 

 Ipecacuanha, Vent., which, with allied species con- 

 stituting the ' Poaya blanca ' of Brazil, has been scld 

 as ' WHITE IPECACUANHA.' 



VALERIANACE^:. 



Vakriana officinalis, L., a British species, the 

 rhizome of which yields a volatile oil, possessing anti- 

 spasmodic properties, is cultivated near Chesterfield, 

 Derbyshire ; in Holland ; and in the north-eastern 

 United States.J 



COMPOSITE. 



Inula Helenium, L., ELECAMPANE, a rare British 

 perennial, has an aromatic tonic root, now mainly 

 used in Absinthe (see p. 63, supra), and in veterinary 

 medicine. It gives its name to Inulin, the soluble, 



* Christy, * New Commercial Plants/ No. 8, p. 41 ; and 

 'Pharm. Journ.,' 1884. 



f 'Pharmacographia/ pp. 331-7. BentleyandTrimen,ii.,pl. 145. 

 % Jbid., pi. 146. 



