GUMS, RESINS, OLEO-RESINS, ETC. 155 



that of Borneo, GUTTA SUSSU, from Willughbeia 

 (=Urceola) elastica, discovered in 1864. GUTTA 

 SlNGGARIP, of Malaysia, comes from W. firma, Bl., 

 and Leuconotis eugenifolius, A. DC. also contributes to 

 the rubber of Borneo and Perak. African rubber is 

 mainly procured from species of Landolphia, which, 

 with those of other rubber-yielding genera, have been 

 much elucidated by the researches of Mr. W. T. T. 

 Dyer, Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew. Z. florida, 

 Benth., furnishes MBUNGU RUBBER from the East 

 Coast, occurring also on the West ; L. Kirkii, Dyer 

 (MATERE RUBBER), and L. Petersiana, Dyer, from the 

 East Coast, and L. owariensis, Beauv., from Central 

 and West Africa, being the chief remaining species. 

 L.florida occurs in Angola, and L. Heudelotiim Senegal. 

 Ficus Brasii, R. Br., also yields rubber at Sierra Leone. 

 Various species of Vahea, V. Madagascar iensis, VoA- 

 HR or VOA-CANJA, V. Comorensis, VoA-HiN^, V. 

 gummifera, etc., contribute the rubber of the Mozam- 

 bique coast, Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, 

 second only in quality to that of Para. In 1875 Mr. 

 Robert Cross, who assisted so materially in the intro- 

 duction of Cinchona into India, obtained plants of 

 Castilloa elastica, and in 1876 some of Hevea bra- 

 siliensis for Ceylon and India, where there is every 

 prospect of their cultivation succeeding. 



GUTTA PERCHA is obtained from various Sapota- 

 ceous plants in the Malay Archipelago, its name being 

 perhaps more correctly GUTTA TABAN, Percha being 

 the name of an island where it is obtained. In 1822, 

 Dr. William Montgomerie noticed the substance in 

 use at Singapore, and, being again stationed there in 



