BUDDi:^G AND GUAFTING. 115 



pie are budded on ordinary seedling, which are mostly not hardy, 

 then there is a part of the tender seedling which is above ground 

 and is liable to be killed out by cold. In this case the resulting 

 tree would be much improved if the seedling root had been grafted 

 below ground instead of being budded above, so as to haye the ben- 

 efit of the protection the ground afforded. On the other hand 

 where hardy trees are budded on the branches to change the bear- 

 ing the work is just as sure as if grafted. It is foolish, then, to 

 pay more money for a budded than a grafted tree. 



