31 



three feet in advance of the wall, to be brought sufficiently near to it by two stages, 

 w-liich will require three years. If better vines are used, it may be done in two seasons, 

 and, with the best, in one ; while with inferior plants four seasons wall be required. 



The plan shown on page 29, Plate No. 20, is more generally adopted than any other, 

 and raay be regarded as the best. The space occupied is three feet, in the direction of 

 the rows, with the rows four or five feet apart, which for the Delaware may be taken as 

 the best distances, in consideration of both tillage and production, in connection with 

 the general management- 



To plant box-layers for occupying the border and the wall the first season, make the 

 excavation as directed for the large layers, page 28, Plates Nos, 11 and 12, so that the 

 cane W'ill stand, when upright, two feet and a half from the wall, the farthest j^ortion of 

 the roots being nearly four feet from the wall, if the vines are destined to occupy a 

 border five feet or more in width. K less, place the box by so much nearer to the 

 wall. Set a ^take six inches from the wall, that is, two feet from the cane, and make an 

 inclined plane from the box to the stake, so that the vine may rise to the surface as it 

 reaches the stake. Only one bud should be permitted to make a shoot, the other one 

 being rubbed off when the one that is to be retained has become strong enough to be 

 safely tied to the stake. About the middle of June, when the new shoot will have be- 

 come a cane two feet long, unfasten it from the stake, turn it to one side with the cane 

 from which it springs, and secure it to a stake set temporarily for the purpose, and then 

 deepen the place occupied by the inclined plane, making it a trench one foot wide and 

 nearly as deep as the position of the vertebra of the box-layer, which will be about 

 three inches above the bottom of the box. Make the soil as inviting as possible, and 

 cover the last season's cane in it three inches, or, if the weather is hot and dry, four 

 inches deep. An inch of well-rotted manure may be spread over the top of the cover- 

 ing, and if there is a deficiency of rain, the trench may be watered once a week for four 

 weeks, when two inches more of soil may be added, leaving the remainder of the trench 

 open until the end of the season. 



K fruit has been left upon the cane, it will not be in the least disturbed by the opera- 

 tion, and the vine at the end of the season will be as far advanced as a simply good one 

 would be at the end of two years. 



When this process is executed, it may be advisable to omit taking any fruit the first 

 season, in order to obtain a fine crop the second, and enable the vine to fully occupy 

 with its ornamentation the place for which it is destined at the same time. 



Such as would be called good layers are represented in the engraving, Plate No. 22, 

 and the process, as may be seen, is represented occupying three years. 





To plant for the plans shown on page 56, Plates jSTo, 60 and No, 61, different meth- 

 ods from the preceding must be adopted. The standards being only about fourteen 

 inches apart, will not affoixl sufiicient room for the root of each abreast. 



Two differen): plans will meet the requirements of these cases. One is to plant a row 

 as just described, bringing the standards to the wall in the same manner, but training 

 them for bearing at the upper half of the wall. 



