32 



At the same time plant auotlier row in a border of equal dimensions, lying Immedi- 

 ately in advance of the first : proceed with the standards as with tliosc of the other 

 border, by bedding, which will bring them to the edge of the first border at the time 

 the others reacli the wall. Instead of pruning as if at the foot of the wall, cut the canes 

 of sufficient length to reach the wall by bedding with the portion to turn up at the end. 

 Keep these upright, and grow next season's canes from the upper buds of these, which 

 will require tall stakes, as the vines will be two stories high at the end of the season. 

 The hight may be much lessened by laying the last season's canes nearly horizontally, 

 and only so far from the ground as will prevent their disposition to send down roots 

 into it. The next season these may be laid down in little conductors made of tiles, 

 bricks, or boards, placing them so low that they will bo out of the way in cultivation, and 

 treating them as if they had reached the wall in the ordinary course. After the wood 

 has acquired one additional year of age, the disposition to root will be lessened, and the 

 ground- through which they pass being occupied, will be so little inviting that very lit- 

 tle difficulty need be apprehended from that source. If roots should form, it will be 

 only during the first and second seasons, and they may be easily removed. 



The other plan is rather more simple in execution, but not quite so satisfactory in its 

 results. It will be understood by a glance at Plate No. 23. 



Half as many vines are planted as the number of stocks recjuired, and, by bedding, 

 brought half the distance from the place of planting to the wall, when, instead of taking 

 one cane directly to the wall, two canes are grown, which are taken obliquely to the wall 

 at the places where they are wanted, at B B. By this course one year more is required 

 than for bringing the first set to the foot of the wall, and one year more will be required 

 to bring the plan to full bearing. 



For cases like this, box-layers with two canes are grown, by which the time required 

 is lessened by two years or more, and a good crop of fruit obtained the second season, 

 or three years sooner than by the use of ordinary vines by the last method. 



One more plan, the Thomery, remains to be more fully discussed, and this is much 

 the most important of any, and for garden planting it may be said to comprise the ad- 

 vantages of every other plan wrought into a harmonious system, v/"hich gives the most 

 l^erfect control of roots and canes upon an extended scale. 



It comprehends much more than is generally understood to belong to it ; not only 

 affording the best means of making all natural advantages available, but constituting 

 the base to which may be superadded the use of all horticultural appliances in the most 

 effective manner for the production of grapes at any season. 



Although we have now to consider chiefly the entertainment and management of the 

 roots, that can not be entirely disconnected at any point from the plan of training. 



The idea of the principal object to be considered in planting may be gathered from 

 a careful inspection of the representation of the roots in the border, by Phite No. 2-1. 



For this system, the vines should be of excellent qualitj^, and those for the wall trellis 

 of the very best, such as are' called box layers being the most advantageous, and the 

 best layers without soil rank next. 



The vine represented in the ])late was a good layer, but not nearly equal to that rep- 

 resented in Plates Nos. 7 and 8. It was taken to the wall by three beddings, as 

 represented by Plate 25. 



At planting it was placed with its vertebra fourteen inches below the surface of tlie 

 border, according to directions given on page 26, see Plate No. 25. After making a good 

 cane the first season, as seen at A, which was cut at the mark and bedded to corre- 

 spond with the vertebra of the original plant, producing at the end of the second season 

 the two canes as seen at H. The cane A and stake disappear from their position, it 

 must be understood, before the beginning of the second season, leaving no mark upon 

 the bordei' of having been there, the cane being pruned as marked, and bedded to pro- 

 duce the two canes at H, which are also to disappear, one of the canes to be removed 

 by cutting through the old wood as mai-ked below the ground, and the other to be cut 

 where marked, to produce a third portion of the extending vertebra, and the three 



