53 



as Plate No. 20, only managed by renewal of the arm, and consequently it can have 

 no spurs or double canes on the arm. This is a modification of the bow plan, 

 straightening the bow to an arm, and providing -a trellis for the support of the bear- 

 ing canes. These are renewal plans, but there is one known distinctively as " the re- 

 newal plan," or the renewal of Specchley and Clement Hoare. This plan, although 

 not original with Speechley, received a strong impulse to currency by him, being 

 sketched in his quarto volume on the cultivation of vines under glass. It was am- 

 plified later hj C. Hoare, who wrote chiefly to instruct in the management of vines 

 in open ground, trained on walls. It has been much talked of in this country, and 

 but little understood. Plate No. 48 represents the plan advanced to the time of 

 taking the first system of long canes ; the four buds on each arm being ready for 

 that purpose. These should be grown to whatever hight they may attain by the 

 end of September, when they are stopped as we have seen at e, and again at /, 

 Plates 44, 45. To moderate the tendency of the action, so that the lower buds may 

 become well developed, the canes are made to take a serpentine direction, as shown 

 in Plate No. 55. Two canes on each arm are used for bearing and tw^o for renewal. 

 The four for renewal are represented at B, B, B, B, now pruned, ready for bearing 

 the next season, like the one shown in fruit at A. At A, on the extreme left is 

 seen a spur, and two like it on the other arm ; these have also borne fruit like A, 

 and the branches have been cut away as that at A is ready to be cut, to complete 

 the pruning for the next season. At B B, may be seen marks where these branches 

 will be cut at next season's pruning, after having borne their crop as now seen at A. 

 The dotted line S, shows a modification of the same renewal plan designed to obvi- 

 ate the loss of space, the dotted line having borne such a crop as is seen at A. 

 This plan, in all of its modifications, is complicated and difficult of execution for a 



beginner, or one who does not expect to give it constant attention, requiring the 

 skill of a practician who has a good knowledge of the habits and requirements of the 



