NINTH ANNUAL MEETING. 8i 



right time nor thoroughly, and they are fighting disease 

 and insects that are well established. Hence, the failure 

 to accomplish what they expected. Diseases and insects 

 multiply year after year, and we certainly cannot expect to 

 destroy them by one year's work. Insects do not start out 

 to commit suicide for our benefit, and will not eat the poi- 

 soned leaves if they can find those that are free from it. 

 Therefore all the foliage must be covered and kept so if we 

 expect results. The man who gets most from spraying is 

 he who sprays annually, at the right time, for a definite 

 purpose, and covers the whole tree with the mixture. I 

 would not spray a tree that had no fruit on it as many 

 times as one that was bearing, but I would spray it once or 

 more ; for insects and disease germs are there and must be 

 held in check lest they multiply. The man who sprays 

 as indicated, need fear no new leaf-eating insects or dis- 

 ease that Bordeaux will prevent. 



I asked a friend of mine in Orleans County if he did not 

 dread the canker worm getting into his orchard, as it was 

 all through the orchards in that section. I have heard 

 Professor Bailey say that he could actually hear them eat. 

 He replied: "My trees are annually covered with poison, 

 and I have no fear of the canker worm. ' ' That was several 

 years ago, and his orchard is as free from canker worms as 

 it was then. I have seen the time when we took forty-seven 

 large nests of the tent caterpillar from a single tree. For 

 five years I have not had to remove a nest from my large 

 orchards, where we have sprayed ; while a young one not 

 in bearing and never sprayed, we had to go through twice 

 last summer and remove them by hand. Why? Because 

 the thorough, systematic spraying has held them in check 

 and destroyed them. 



Spraying is working by faith, which is a deal harder 

 than working by sight. Here is a little fungus or insect 

 so small that few have ever seen them. We have got to 

 take some one's else word for what it is, where it is and 

 what will destroy it. To any man who has never sprayed, 

 I say, don't do it unless you are thoroughly persuaded in 

 your own mind that it is the thing to do. Then know 

 what particular thing you are going to spray for; what is 



